[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update January 2018
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Thu Mar 1 17:56:04 GMT 2018
* Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update January 2018 *
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
(Previous edition - December 2017:
http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2017-December/000121.html)
(Index for previous issues:
http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html)
*CONTENTS*
1) Impact of London's road traffic air and noise pollution on birth
weight: retrospective population based cohort study
2) Exposure to low concentrations of air pollutants and adverse birth
outcomes in Brisbane, Australia, 2003–2013
3) Maternal ambient air pollution, preterm birth and markers of fetal
growth in Rhode Island: results of a hospital-based linkage study
4) Association of Short-term Exposure to Air Pollution With Mortality
in Older Adults
5) Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and semen quality in Taiwan
6) Dispersion of traffic derived air pollutants into urban parks
7) Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to walking down a
traffic-polluted road compared with walking in a traffic-free area in
participants aged 60 years and older with chronic lung or heart
disease and age-matched healthy controls: a randomised, crossover study
8) Hazardous air pollutants and primary liver cancer in Texas
9) Best Practices for Gauging Evidence of Causality in Air Pollution
Epidemiology
10) Field evaluation of vegetation and noise barriers for mitigation
of near-freeway air pollution under variable wind conditions
11) Effect of VOC Emissions from Vegetation on Air Quality in Berlin
during a Heatwave
12) Oxidative stress in birds along a NOx and urbanisation gradient:
An interspecific approach
- o -
1) Impact of London's road traffic air and noise pollution on birth
weight: retrospective population based cohort study
Rachel B Smith, Daniela Fecht, John Gulliver, Sean D Beevers, David
Dajnak, Marta Blangiardo, Rebecca E Ghosh, Anna L Hansell, Frank J
Kelly, H Ross Anderson, Mireille B Toledano,
The findings suggest that air pollution from road traffic in London is
adversely affecting fetal growth. The results suggest little evidence
for an independent exposure-response effect of traffic related noise
on birth weight outcomes.
BMJ 2017;359:j5299 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j5299)
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2) Exposure to low concentrations of air pollutants and adverse birth
outcomes in Brisbane, Australia, 2003–2013
Gongbo Chen, Yuming Guo, Michael J. Abramson, Gail Williams, Shanshan Li
Low-level air pollution during pregnancy induced preterm birth and low
birth weight. Highest risks were observed during trimester 3, and
lowest in trimester 1. Stronger effects were present for exposure to
cold and moderate temperatures.
Science of The Total Environment 622–623, 1 May 2018, 721–726 - read
abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.050)
- o -
3) Maternal ambient air pollution, preterm birth and markers of fetal
growth in Rhode Island: results of a hospital-based linkage study
Samantha L Kingsley, Melissa N Eliot, Kimberly Glazer, Yara Abu Awad,
Joel D Schwartz, David A Savitz, Karl T Kelsey, Carmen J Marsit,
Gregory A Wellenius
In a population with relatively low exposures to ambient air
pollutants, PM2.5 was associated with reduced birth weight but not
with risk of preterm birth.
J Epidemiol Community Health 2017;71:1131-1136 - read abstract
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-208963)
- o -
4) Association of Short-term Exposure to Air Pollution With Mortality
in Older Adults
Qian Di, Lingzhen Dai, Yun Wang
Day-to-day changes in fine particulate matter and ozone exposures were
significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality at
levels below current air quality standards, suggesting that those
standards may need to be reevaluated.
JAMA. 2017;318(24):2446-2456 - read abstract
(https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2667069?redirect=true)
- o -
5) Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and semen quality in Taiwan
Xiang Qian Lao, Zilong Zhang, Alexis K H Lau, Ta-Chien Chan, Yuan
Chieh Chuang, Jimmy Chan, Changqing Lin, Cui Guo, Wun Kai Jiang, Tony
Tam, Gerard Hoek, Haidong Kan, Eng-kiong Yeoh, Ly-yun Chang
Exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution is associated with a lower
level of sperm normal morphology and a higher level of sperm
concentration.
Occup Environ Med 2018;75:148-154 - read article
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104529)
- o -
6) Dispersion of traffic derived air pollutants into urban parks
Yang Xing, Peter Brimblecomb
Traffic derived air pollutants are readily detected in urban parks.
Measurements suggest a rapid decay of pollutants from roadside into
parks. Pollutant gradients in parks are explored using an analytical
dispersion equation. Traffic derived pollutants halve after ~ 17 m
from the road edge. Future park design should emphasise a separation
between park interiors and roads.
Science of The Total Environment 622–623, 1 May 2018, 576–583 - read
abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.340)
- o -
7) Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to walking down a
traffic-polluted road compared with walking in a traffic-free area in
participants aged 60 years and older with chronic lung or heart
disease and age-matched healthy controls: a randomised, crossover study
Rudy Sinharay, Jicheng Gong, Benjamin Barratt, Pamela
Ohman-Strickland, Sabine Ernst, Frank Kelly, Junfeng (Jim) Zhang,
Peter Collins, Paul Cullinan, Kian Fan Chung
Short-term exposure to traffic pollution prevents the beneficial
cardiopulmonary effects of walking in people with COPD, ischaemic
heart disease, and those free from chronic cardiopulmonary diseases.
Medication use might reduce the adverse effects of air pollution in
individuals with ischaemic heart disease. Policies should aim to
control ambient levels of air pollution along busy streets in view of
these negative health effects.
The Lancet Dec 2017 - read article
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32643-0)
- o -
8) Hazardous air pollutants and primary liver cancer in Texas
Luca Cicalese , Giuseppe Curcuru, Mauro Montalbano, Ali Shirafkan,
Jeremias Georgiadis, Cristiana Rastellini
This study provides a new insight on this complex multifactorial
disease suggesting that environmental substances might play a role in
the etiology of this cancer.
PlosOne October 2017 - read article
(https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185610)
- o -
9) Best Practices for Gauging Evidence of Causality in Air Pollution
Epidemiology
Francesca Dominici, Corwin Zigler
We argue that air pollution studies that are more scientifically
rigorous in terms of the decisions made to approximate a randomized
experiment are more likely to provide evidence of causality and should
be prioritized among the body of evidence for regulatory review
accordingly.
American Journal of Epidemiology 186:12 December 2017 1303–1309 - read
abstract (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx307)
- o -
10) Field evaluation of vegetation and noise barriers for mitigation
of near-freeway air pollution under variable wind conditions
Eon S. Lee, Dilhara R. Ranasinghe, Faraz Enayati Ahangar, Seyedmorteza
Amini, Steven Mara, Wonsik Choi, Suzanne Paulson, Yifang Zhu
This study assess the effectiveness of soundwall and vegetation
barrier for reducing near freeway air pollution. The reduction was
generally greater with the combination barrier than with either
soundwall or vegetation alone. The effectiveness of reduction also
depends on barrier type, particle size, and wind speed.
Atmospheric Environment 175, February 2018, 92–99 - read abstract
(https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.060)
- o -
11) Effect of VOC Emissions from Vegetation on Air Quality in Berlin
during a Heatwave
Galina Churkina, Friderike Kuik, Boris Bonn, Axel Lauer, Rüdiger
Grote, Karolina Tomiak, Tim M. Butler
The results of our study suggest that reduction of anthropogenic
sources of NOx, VOCs, and PM,
for example, reduction of the motorized vehicle fleet, would have to
accompany urban tree planting campaigns to make them really beneficial
for urban dwellers.
Environ. Sci. Technol., 2017, 51 (11), pp 6120–6130 - read article
(http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.6b06514)
- o -
12) Oxidative stress in birds along a NOx and urbanisation gradient:
An interspecific approach
Pablo Salmón, Emilie Stroh, Amparo Herrera-Dueñas, Maria von Post,
Caroline Isaksson
Estimated NOx and urbanisation levels were positively correlated with
AOX in all four species. Tree sparrows showed higher levels of protein
damage in relation to NOx level exposure. None of the other oxidative
biomarkers correlated with NOx or urbanisation levels. Future wildlife
urbanisation studies should pay attention to species-specific
variation in oxidative stress physiology.
Science of The Total Environment 622–623, 1 May 2018, 635–643 - read
abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.354)
- o -
----------------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
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