From contact at cleanairuk.org Wed Nov 22 17:45:44 2017 From: contact at cleanairuk.org (contact at cleanairuk.org) Date: Wed, 22 Nov 2017 17:45:44 +0000 Subject: [cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2017 Message-ID: <20171122174544.Horde.oGqZJPvHiM3CqRJ7kQvlxjM@webmail.networkforcleanair.org.uk> * Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2017 * By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative (Previous edition - September 2017: http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2017-September/000118.html) (Index for previous issues: http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html) *CONTENTS* 1) The Lancet Commission on pollution and health 2) Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators 3) Exposure to elemental composition of outdoor PM2.5 at birth and cognitive and psychomotor function in childhood in four European birth cohorts 4) Investigating the Impact of Maternal Residential Mobility on Identifying Critical Windows of Susceptibility to Ambient Air Pollution During Pregnancy 5) Impact of commuting exposure to traffic-related air pollution on cognitive development in children walking to school 6) Associations between Ambient Fine Particulate Oxidative Potential and Cardiorespiratory Emergency Department Visits 7) Long-Term PM2.5 Exposure and Respiratory, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older US Adults 8) Exposure to particulate matter air pollution and risk of multiple sclerosis in two large cohorts of US nurses 9) Land cover and air pollution are associated with asthma hospitalisations: A cross-sectional study 10) Effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter and metal components on mortality in the Rome longitudinal study 11) Maternal Exposure of BALB/c Mice to Indoor NO2 and Allergic Asthma Syndrome in Offspring at Adulthood with Evaluation of DNA Methylation Associated Th2 Polarization 12) Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD 13) Changes in Transportation-Related Air Pollution Exposures by Race-Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status: Outdoor Nitrogen Dioxide in the United States in 2000 and 2010 14) Acute effects of fine particulate matter constituents on mortality: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis - o - 1) The Lancet Commission on pollution and health The Lancet Commission on pollution and health addresses the full health and economic costs of air, water, and soil pollution. Through analyses of existing and emerging data, the Commission reveals pollution?s severe and underreported contribution to the Global Burden of Disease. It uncovers the economic costs of pollution to low-income and middle-income countries. The Commission will inform key decision makers around the world about the burden that pollution places on health and economic development, and about available cost-effective pollution control solutions and strategies. The Lancet October 2017 - read report (http://www.thelancet.com/commissions/pollution-and-health) - o - 2) Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators Angel Dzhambov, Boris Tilov, Iana Markevych, Donka Dimitrova Higher noise exposure was associated with worse mental health only indirectly. Noise annoyance and physical activity were single mediators. Annoyance and social cohesion were serial mediators. Annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality and social cohesion/physical activity were serial mediators. No firm conclusions can be drawn about the direction of these associations Environment International 109, December 2017, 1-9 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009) - o - 3) Exposure to elemental composition of outdoor PM2.5 at birth and cognitive and psychomotor function in childhood in four European birth cohorts Ma?gorzata J.Lubczy?ska, Jordi Sunyer, Henning Tiemeier, Daniela Port, Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg, Vincent W.V.Jaddoe, Xavier Basaga?a, Albert Dalmau-Bueno, Francesco Forastiere, J?rgen Wittsiepe, Barbara Hoffmann, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Gerard Hoek. Kees de Hoog, Bert Brunekreef, M?nica Guxens Levels and composition of outdoor PM2.5 in Europe. We estimated elemental composition of outdoor PM2.5 at birth in four birth cohorts. We assessed child cognitive and psychomotor functions between 1 and 9 years of age. Ambient iron exposure at birth was negatively associated with fine motor function. Iron is one of the main components of motorized traffic air pollution. Environment International 109, December 2017, 170-180 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.015) - o - 4) Investigating the Impact of Maternal Residential Mobility on Identifying Critical Windows of Susceptibility to Ambient Air Pollution During Pregnancy Joshua L. Warren, Ji-Young Son, Gavin Pereira, Brian P. Leaderer, Michelle L. Bell Increased PM10 exposure during pregnancy weeks 16?18 is associated with an increased probability of term low birth weight. Ignoring residential mobility when defining weekly exposure has only minor impact on the identification of critical windows for PM10 and term low birth weight in the data application and simulation study. American Journal of Epidemiology October 2017 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx335) - o - 5) Impact of commuting exposure to traffic-related air pollution on cognitive development in children walking to school Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, Ioar Rivas, M?nica L?pez-Vicente, Elisabet Suades-Gonz?lez, David Donaire-Gonzalez, Marta Cirach, Montserrat de Castro, Mikel Esnaola, Xavier Basaga?a, Payam Dadvand, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Jordi Sunyer We estimated air pollution exposure during commuting by foot of 1,234 children. PM2.5 and BC levels were associated with diminished growth of working memory. No significant associations were observed between NO2 levels and working memory, or between air pollution levels and inattentiveness. Our findings support the implementation of policies for cleaner walking routes to school. Environmental Pollution 231,1 December 2017 837-844 - read abstract (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749117318997) - o - 6) Associations between Ambient Fine Particulate Oxidative Potential and Cardiorespiratory Emergency Department Visits Joseph Y. Abrams, Rodney J. Weber, Mitchel Klein, Stefanie E. Samat, Howard H. Chang, Matthew J. Strickland, Vishal Verma, Ting Fang, Josephine T. Bates, James A. Mulholland, Armistead G. Russell, Paige E. Tolbert Lag 0?2 OPDTT was associated with ED visits for multiple cardiorespiratory outcomes, providing support for the utility of OPDTT as a measure of fine particle toxicity. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP1545 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1545) - o - 7) Long-Term PM2.5 Exposure and Respiratory, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older US Adults Vivian C Pun, Fatemeh Kazemiparkouhi, Justin Manjourides, Helen H Suh In this large cohort of US elderly, we provide important new evidence that long-term PM2.5 exposure is significantly related to increased mortality from respiratory disease, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Epidemiology 186:8, 15 October 2017 961?969 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx166) - o - 8) Exposure to particulate matter air pollution and risk of multiple sclerosis in two large cohorts of US nurses N.Palacios, K.L.Munger, C.Fitzgerald, J.E.Hart, T.Chitnis, A.Ascherio, F.Laden We estimated the risk of MS associated with PM10, PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 in a two large prospective studies. We conducted sensitivity analyses stratified by smoking, region of the US, and age, as well as analyses restricted to women who did not move during the study. We did not observe significant associations between air pollution and MS risk in our cohorts. Environment International 109, December 2017, 64-72 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.013) - o - 9) Land cover and air pollution are associated with asthma hospitalisations: A cross-sectional study Ian Alcock, Mathew White, Mark Cherrie, Benedict Wheeler, Jonathon Taylor, Rachel McInnes, Eveline Otte, Kampee Sotiris Vardoulakis, Christophe SarrandIreneous Soyiri, Lora Fleming Natural environments in urban areas were associated with less asthma hospitalisation. These associations varied by coexisting background air pollution concentration. Green space/gardens were associated with less asthma when NO2/PM2.5 was lower. Urban trees were associated with less asthma when NO2/PM2.5 was higher. Environment International 109, December 2017, 29-41 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.009) - o - 10) Effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter and metal components on mortality in the Rome longitudinal study Chiara Badalonia, Giulia Cesaronia, Francesco Cerza, Marina Davoli, Bert Brunekreef, Francesco Forastiere PM10, PM2.5, PM absorbance and all the components of particulate matter (PM) were positively associated with mortality. PM2.5Cu, PM2.5Zn, PM10Fe, and PM10Ni showed the strongest association with mortality, especially from Ischemic Heart Disease. The results were robust to model specification and adjustment for PM mass. The results for PM2.5Zn, PM10Ni, and PM10V were also robust to NO2 adjustment. Long-term exposure to metals originating from non-tailpipe and industrial emissions were associated Ischemic Heart Disease. Environment International 109, December 2017, 146-154 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.005) - o - 11) Maternal Exposure of BALB/c Mice to Indoor NO2 and Allergic Asthma Syndrome in Offspring at Adulthood with Evaluation of DNA Methylation Associated Th2 Polarization Huifeng Yue, Wei Yan, Xiaotong Ji, Rui Gao, Juan Ma, Ziyu Rao, Guangke Li, Nan Sang Maternal exposure to indoor environmental NO2 causes allergic asthma-related consequences in offspring absent any subsequent lung provocation and potentiates the symptoms of allergic asthma in adult offspring following postnatal allergic sensitization and challenge; this response is associated with the Th2-based immune response and DNA methylation of the IL4 gene. Environ Health Perspect Sept 2017 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP685) - o - 12) Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD Benjamin Bowe, Yan Xie, Tingting Li, Yan Yan, Hong Xian, Ziyad Al-Aly Our findings demonstrate a significant association between exposure to PM2.5 and risk of incident CKD, eGFR decline, and ESRD. JASN September 21, 2017 - read article (http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2017/09/21/ASN.2017030253.full) - o - 13) Changes in Transportation-Related Air Pollution Exposures by Race-Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status: Outdoor Nitrogen Dioxide in the United States in 2000 and 2010 Lara P. Clark, Dylan B. Millet, Julian D. Marshall Findings suggest that absolute NO2 exposure disparities by race-ethnicity decreased from 2000 to 2010, but relative NO2 exposure disparities persisted, with higher NO2 concentrations for nonwhites than whites in 2010. Environ Health Perspect Sept 2017 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP959) - o - 14) Acute effects of fine particulate matter constituents on mortality: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis Souzana Achilleos, Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou, Chih-Da Wu, Joel D.Schwartz, Petros Koutrakis, Stefania I.Papatheodorou A meta-analysis of acute effects of PM2.5 constituents on mortality was conducted. EC and K had the strongest and most consistent association with mortality. Single lag studies underestimate effects. Mortality effects of PM2.5 and constituents differ across regions. Environment International 109, December 2017, 89-100 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.010) - o - ---------------------------------------------------------- Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative 10 Montgomery Terrace Road Sheffield S6 3BU Tel. 0114 285 9931 Fax 0114 278 7173 Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/barbara.rimmington.3) Twitter (https://www.twitter.com/b_rimm/) Website (http://www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk/index.htm) Visit our archive (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/) Our archive is now up-to-date. Follow these links to pages: Air Quality Monitoring Data (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/air-quality-monitoring-data/) (split annually over individual sites) Tinsley Tribune Newsletters (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/newsletters/tinsley-tribune-newsletters/) Darnall Herald Newsletters (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/newsletters/darnall-herald-newsletters/) Handsworth Forum Newsletters (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/newsletters/handsworth-community-forum/) Reports (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/reports/) produced by East End Quality of Life Initiative and others Presentations and reports (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/sheffield-air-quality-conferences/) from Sheffield Air Quality Conferences Media coverage (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/home/) on air pollution From contact at cleanairuk.org Wed Nov 22 17:48:27 2017 From: contact at cleanairuk.org (contact at cleanairuk.org) Date: Wed, 22 Nov 2017 17:48:27 +0000 Subject: [cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update November 2017 Message-ID: <20171122174827.Horde.wCcLbQXtmv-HxKbZanW7AnD@webmail.networkforcleanair.org.uk> * Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update November 2017 * By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative (Previous edition - October 2017: http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2017-November/000119.html) (Index for previous issues: http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html) *CONTENTS* 1) Pregnancy and Lifetime Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Infant Mortality in Massachusetts, 2001?2007 2) Association between PM2.5 and PM2.5 Constituents and Preterm Delivery in California, 2000?2006 3) Recent versus chronic fine particulate air pollution exposure as determinant of the retinal microvasculature in school children 4) Longitudinal association between air pollution exposure at school and cognitive development in school children over a period of 3.5 years 5) The impact of prenatal exposure to air pollution on childhood wheezing and asthma: A systematic review 6) Association between particulate matter concentration and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in children living in an industrial urban area of South Korea 7) Traffic-related air pollution and childhood obesity in an Italian birth cohort 8) Residential exposure to vehicular traffic-related air pollution during childhood and breast cancer risk 9) Acute effects of ambient air pollution on lower respiratory infections in Hanoi children: An eight-year time series study 10) Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Incidence of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in 15 European Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project 11) A county-level estimate of PM2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data 12) Long-term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Nonaccidental and Cause-specific Mortality in a Large National Cohort of Chinese Men 13) Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation 14) Fine particulate matter constituents and blood pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A panel study in Shanghai, China 15) Consumption of fruit and vegetables might mitigate the adverse effects of ambient PM2.5 on lung function among adults 16) Fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease: Comparison of assessment methods for long-term exposure 17) Associations between fine particulate matter and mortality in the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort 18) Long-Term Exposure to Road Traffic Noise and Nitrogen Dioxide and Risk of Heart Failure: A Cohort Study 19) Effects of NO2 exposure on daily mortality in S?o Paulo, Brazil 20) Ambient air pollution and daily hospital admissions for mental disorders in Shanghai, China 21) Are greenhouse gas emissions and cognitive skills related? Cross-country evidence 22) Tackling the mortality from long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution in megacities: Lessons from the Greater Cairo case study 23) DNA methylation and exposure to ambient air pollution in two prospective cohorts 24) Assessment of long-term and large-scale even-odd license plate controlled plan effects on urban air quality and its implication 25) Green spaces are not all the same for the provision of air purification and climate regulation services: The case of urban parks 26) The influence of roadside solid and vegetation barriers on near-road air quality - o - 1) Pregnancy and Lifetime Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Infant Mortality in Massachusetts, 2001?2007 Ji-Young Son, Hyung Joo Lee, Petros Koutrakis, Michelle L Bell We did not observe a statistically significant relationship between gestational exposure and mortality. Our findings provide supportive evidence that lifetime exposure to PM2.5 increases risk of infant mortality. American Journal of Epidemiology Nov 2017 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx015) - o - 2) Association between PM2.5 and PM2.5 Constituents and Preterm Delivery in California, 2000?2006 Rupa Basu, Dharshani Pearson, Keita Ebisu, Brian Malig PM2.5 constituents ammonium, nitrate and bromine, often linked to traffic and biomass combustion, were most associated with increased risk of preterm delivery in California. Certain demographic subgroups may be particularly impacted. Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol., 31: 424?434 - read abstract (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ppe.12380/full) - o - 3) Recent versus chronic fine particulate air pollution exposure as determinant of the retinal microvasculature in school children Eline B.Provost, LucInt Panis, Nelly D.Saenen, Michal Kicinski, Tijs Louwies, Karen Vrijens, Patrick De Boever, Tim S.Nawrot Children's retinal blood vessel diameters respond to recent PM2.5 exposure. Repeated design with multiple retinal microvascular examinations in each child. Integrative exposure assessment at school and at home. Microvascular changes may be an early phenotypic marker for disease development. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 103-110 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.027) - o - 4) Longitudinal association between air pollution exposure at school and cognitive development in school children over a period of 3.5 years Joan Forns, Payam Dadvand, Mikel Esnaola, Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, M?nica L?pez-Vicente, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Marta Cirach, Xavier Basaga?a, M?nica Guxens, Jordi Sunyer Long-term association between TRAPs at school and cognitive development in schoolchildren. TRAPs at school were measured during the 2012/2013 assessment. Cognitive development (working memory) was assessed by a computerized n-back task. All TRAPs levels at school were negatively associated with cognitive development. A reduction of 10%?20% per year in cognitive growth was observed due to TRAPs exposure. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 416-421 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.031) - o - 5) The impact of prenatal exposure to air pollution on childhood wheezing and asthma: A systematic review Zhang Hehua, Chang Qing, Gao Shanyan, Wu Qijun, Zhao Yuhong The first and complete systematic review and analysis of prenatal air pollution exposure on children's wheeze and asthma, which should be pay more attention and action. Typical study of air pollution on human health. Children's respiratory health should be concerned and air pollution control should be taken action. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 519-530 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.038) - o - 6) Association between particulate matter concentration and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in children living in an industrial urban area of South Korea Inbo Oh, Jiho Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Jihyun Kim, Young-Min Kim, Chang Sun Sim, Yangho Kim Twenty-one children were observed daily for atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms with PM measurement. PM exposure was significantly associated with the exacerbation of AD symptoms. PM2.5 had a stronger effect than PM10 on exacerbation of AD symptoms. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 462?468 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.030) - o - 7) Traffic-related air pollution and childhood obesity in an Italian birth cohort Sara Fioravanti, Giulia Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Paola Michelozzi, Francesco Forastiere Few studies analyse the association between air pollution and children BMI. We modelled traffic-related air pollution with land-use regression models. Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) has been used to control for selection bias. No association was found between pollutants and ponderal excess parameters. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 479?486 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.003) - o - 8) Residential exposure to vehicular traffic-related air pollution during childhood and breast cancer risk Shahar Shmuel, Alexandra J.White, Dale P.Sandler Evaluated the association of residential childhood air pollution with breast cancer. Traffic-related characteristics were not consistently associated with breast cancer. Living on/near a road divided by a barrier during childhood was associated increased risk. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 257-263 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.015) - o - 9) Acute effects of ambient air pollution on lower respiratory infections in Hanoi children: An eight-year time series study Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung, Christian Schindler, Tran Minh Dien, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Laura Perez, Nino K?nzli Study examined association between ambient air pollution and lower respiratory infection in children. An eight-year time-series study with 57?851 hospital admissions. All markers of ambient air pollution were positively associated with pneumonia related hospitalizations. Associations observed for nitrogen dioxide with pneumonia were independent of those seen for particles. Environment International 110, January 2018, 139?148 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.10.024) - o - 10) Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Incidence of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in 15 European Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project Zorana J. Andersen, Massimo Stafoggia, Gudrun Weinmayr, Marie Pedersen, Claudia Galassi, Jeanette T. J?rgensen, Anna Oudin, Bertil Forsberg, David Olsson, Bente Oftedal, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Geir Aamodt, Andrei Pyko, G?ran Pershagen, Michal Korek, Ulf De Faire, Nancy L. Pedersen, Claes-G?ran ?stenson, Laura Fratiglioni, Kirsten T. Eriksen, Anne Tj?nneland, Petra H. Peeters, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Michelle Plusquin, Timothy J. Key, Andrea Jaensch, Gabriele Nagel, Alois Lang, Meng Wang, Ming-Yi Tsai, Agnes Fournier, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Laura Baglietto, Sara Grioni, Alessandro Marcon, Vittorio Krogh, Fulvio Ricceri, Carlotta Sacerdote, Enrica Migliore, Ibon Tamayo-Uria, Pilar Amiano, Miren Dorronsoro, Roel Vermeulen, Ranjeet Sokhi, Menno Keuken, Kees de Hoogh, Rob Beelen, Paolo Vineis, Giulia Cesaroni, Bert Brunekreef, Gerard Hoek, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen We found suggestive evidence of an association between ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP1742 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1742) - o - 11) A county-level estimate of PM2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data Qing Wang, Jiaonan Wang, Mike Z. He, Patrick L. Kinney, Tiantian Li Premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 in China amounted to 1.27 million in the year 2010. Half of the premature deaths were from counties with annual PM2.5 concentrations above 63.61 ?g/m3, covering 16.97% of China. The PM2.5 related mortality rate is 61.0/105 in the cleanest areas and 120.7/105 in the most polluted areas. Counties with high premature mortality were largely located in heavily polluted and densely populated regions. More than 58% of premature deaths were from the elderly group (aged 65 or more). Environment International 110, January 2018, 105?112 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.10.015) - o - 12) Long-term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Nonaccidental and Cause-specific Mortality in a Large National Cohort of Chinese Men Peng Yin, Michael Brauer, Aaron Cohen, Richard T. Burnett, Jiangmei Liu, Yunning Liu, Ruiming Liang, Weihua Wang, Jinlei Qi, Lijun Wang, Maigeng Zhou Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with nonaccidental, CVD, lung cancer, and COPD mortality in China. The IER estimator may underestimate the excess relative risk of cause-specific mortality due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 over the exposure range experienced in China and other low- and middle-income countries. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP1673 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1673) - o - 13) Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation The Framingham Heart Study Wenyuan Li, Kirsten S. Dorans, Elissa H. Wilker, Mary B. Rice, Petter L. Ljungman, Joel D. Schwartz, Brent A. Coull, Petros Koutrakis, Diane R. Gold, John F. Keaney, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emelia J. Benjamin, Murray A. Mittleman Higher short-term exposure to relatively low levels of ambient air pollution was associated with higher levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 but not fibrinogen or tumor necrosis factor ? in individuals residing in the greater Boston area. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology September 2017, 37:9 1793-1800 - read abstract (http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/37/9/1793) - o - 14) Fine particulate matter constituents and blood pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A panel study in Shanghai, China Zhijing Lin, Yue Niu, Renjie Chen, Wenxi Xu, Huichu Li, Cong Liu, Jing Cai, Zhuohui Zhao, Haidong Kana, Liping Qiao A short-term exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with elevated BP levels. Most constituents of PM2.5 were associated with increased BP in single-constituent model. OC, EC, NO3?, and NH4+ were robustly positively associated with the increased BP. The association between PM2.5 and BP was statistically significant only at lag 0 day. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 291-296 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.024) - o - 15) Consumption of fruit and vegetables might mitigate the adverse effects of ambient PM2.5 on lung function among adults Hualiang Lin, Yanfei Guo, Qian Di, Yang Zheng, Hong Xian, Xing Li, Tao Liu, Jianpeng Xiao, Weilin Zeng, Steven W.Howard. Michael G.Vaughn, Zhengmin (Min) Qian, Wenjun Ma, Fan Wu We examined the effects of PM2.5 on lung function among adults. PM2.5 was associated with lower levels of FVC, FEV1 and FEV25-75. Fruit and vegetables could mitigate these effects. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 77-82 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.007) - o - 16) Fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease: Comparison of assessment methods for long-term exposure Laura A.McGuinn, Cavin Ward-Caviness, Lucas M.Neas, Alexandra Schneider, Qian Di, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Joel Schwartz, Petros Koutrakis, Armistead G.Russell, Val Garcia, William E.Kraus, Elizabeth R.Hauser, Wayne Cascio, David Diaz-Sanchez, Robert B.Devlin We compare long-term PM2.5-CVD associations using five exposure assessment methods. The study population consisted of 5679 cardiac catheterization patients. We stratified associations by urban/rural status. PM2.5 associated with coronary artery disease for all exposure methods. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 16-23 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.041) - o - 17) Associations between fine particulate matter and mortality in the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort Lauren L.Pinault, Scott Weichenthal, Daniel L.Crouse, Michael Brauer, Anders Erickson, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V.Martin, Perry Hystad, Hong Cheni, Philippe Fin?s, Jeffrey R.Brook, Michael Tjepkema, Richard T.Burnett Associations between PM2.5 and mortality were examined in a new Canadian cohort. Hazard ratios between NAC mortality and PM2.5 were 1.18 per 10 ?g/m3 increase. The shape of the concentration-response curve was non-linear for all causes of death examined. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 406-415 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.037) - o - 18) Long-Term Exposure to Road Traffic Noise and Nitrogen Dioxide and Risk of Heart Failure: A Cohort Study Mette S?rensen, Olav Wendelboe Nielsen, Ahmad Sajadieh, Matthias Ketzel, Anne Tj?nneland, Kim Overvad, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Long-term exposure to NO2 and road traffic noise was associated with higher risk of heart failure, mainly among men, in both single- and two-pollutant models. High exposure to both pollutants was associated with highest risk. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP1272 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1272) - o - 19) Effects of NO2 exposure on daily mortality in S?o Paulo, Brazil Amine Farias Costa, Gerard Hoek, Bert Brunekreef, Antonio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de Leon The Cumulative Risk Index (CRI), a relatively novel approach in a mortality time series study, was calculated; NO2 have an effect on non-accidental and circulatory deaths, which is independent from PM10, CO and O3; CRI suggests that a single pollutant does not represent the full effect of the air pollutant mixture. Environmental Research 159, November 2017, 539-544 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.041) - o - 20) Ambient air pollution and daily hospital admissions for mental disorders in Shanghai, China Chen Chen, Cong Liu, Renjie Chen, Weibing Wang, Weihua Li, Haidong Kan, Chaowei Fu Limited evidence on association between air pollution and mental disorders. Increased risk of admissions for mental disorders associated with PM10, SO2, and CO. Associations of air pollutants were generally stronger in warm period. Science of The Total Environment 613?614, 1 February 2018, 324-330 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.098) - o - 21) Are greenhouse gas emissions and cognitive skills related? Cross-country evidence Bekhzod Omanbayev, Raufhon Salahodjaev, Richard Lynn This study explores the link between cognitive skills at a national level and air pollution. This study finds that cognitive skills are inversely related to air pollution. The results hold for a number of robustness tests. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 322-330 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.004) - o - 22) Tackling the mortality from long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution in megacities: Lessons from the Greater Cairo case study Ali Wheida, Amira Nasser, Mostafa El Nazer, Agnes Borbon, Gehad A.Abo El Ata, Magdy Abdel Wahab, Stephane C.Alfaro Mortality due to long-term exposure to air pollution in Greater Cairo is estimated. Air-suspended matter (PM2.5) is the most severe problem. At least from 10240 to 15930 people die each year of exposure to PM2.5. From 7850 to 10470 die of exposure to NO2. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 223-231 -read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.028) - o - 23) DNA methylation and exposure to ambient air pollution in two prospective cohorts Michelle Plusquin, Florence Guida, Silvia Polidoro, Roel Vermeulen, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Gianluca Campanella, Gerard Hoek, Soterios A.Kyrtopoulos, Panagiotis Georgiadis, Alessio Naccarati, Carlotta Sacerdote, Vittorio Krogh, H.Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, W.M.Monique Verschurenm, Sergi Sayols-Baixeras, Tommaso Panni, Annette Peters, Dennie G.A.J.Hebels, Marc Chadeau-Hyam We studied the effects of long-term exposure to air pollutants on DNA methylation. A consistent global hypomethylation was observed for exposure to ambient NO2 and NOx. This hypomethylation was observed for CpG island's shores, shelves and gene bodies. No CpG sites were epigenome-wide significant in a combined analysis of a low and high exposed cohort. Environment International 108, November 2017, 127-136 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.006) - o - 24) Assessment of long-term and large-scale even-odd license plate controlled plan effects on urban air quality and its implication Suping Zhao, Ye Yu, Dahe Qin, Daiying Yin, Jianjun He Effect of even-odd license plate controlled plan on urban air quality was studied. A new method quantifying the traffic control results was developed. Impact of the control measures on AQI and O3 concentrations was less. CO, NO2/SO2 and PM2.5 have large decreases of 15?23% due to traffic controls. Atmospheric Environment 170, December 2017, 82-95 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.041) - o - 25) Green spaces are not all the same for the provision of air purification and climate regulation services: The case of urban parks Joana Vieira, Paula Matos, Teresa Mexia, Patr?cia Silva,Nuno Lopes, Catarina Freitas, Ot?lia Correia, Margarida Santos-Reis, Cristina Branquinho, Pedro Pinho Air purification and climate regulation were quantified in an urban green space. Different vegetation types shown different capacities to provide these services. Original woodland presented the higher ecosystem services provision. Vegetation structure, composition and management matter to services provision. Nature-based solutions in urban areas can optimize local climate and air quality. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 306-313 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.006) - o - 26) The influence of roadside solid and vegetation barriers on near-road air quality Masoud Ghasemian Seyedmorteza Amini, Marko Princevac The Influence of roadside barriers on the near-road air quality was investigated. RANS technique coupled with the k?? realizable turbulence model was utilized. Vegetation barrier depending on LAD can improve or deteriorate the air quality. The dense canopy can improve the near-road air quality by inducing vertical mixing. Atmospheric Environment 170, December 2017, 108-117 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.028) - o - ---------------------------------------------------------- Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative 10 Montgomery Terrace Road Sheffield S6 3BU Tel. 0114 285 9931 Fax 0114 278 7173 Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/barbara.rimmington.3) Twitter (https://www.twitter.com/b_rimm/) Website (http://www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk/index.htm) Visit our archive (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/) Our archive is now up-to-date. 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