From contact at cleanairuk.org Wed Jul 19 15:44:17 2017 From: contact at cleanairuk.org (contact at cleanairuk.org) Date: Wed, 19 Jul 2017 15:44:17 +0100 Subject: [cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update July 2017 Message-ID: <20170719154417.Horde.cHjiHA-akDDrXLjitYybFZv@webmail.networkforcleanair.org.uk> * Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update July 2017 * By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative (Previous edition - June 2017: http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2017-June/000114.html) (Index for previous issues: http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html) *CONTENTS* 1) Effects of aircraft noise exposure on saliva cortisol near airports in France 2) High Levels of Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and Stress Increase Risk of Childhood Asthma 3) Individual exposure to nitrogen dioxide and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Kaunas study 4) Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity 5) Short-term effects of weather and air pollution on atopic dermatitis symptoms in children: A panel study in Korea 6) Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Serum Inflammatory Cytokines in Children 7) Traffic-related air pollution and spectacles use in schoolchildren 8) The joint effect of air pollution exposure and copy number variation on risk for autism 9) Fine particulate matter exposure and incidence of stroke : A cohort study in Hong Kong 10) Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE) 11) Analysis of Temporal Variability in the Short-term Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Nonaccidental Mortality in Rome, Italy (1998?2014) 12) Airborne Particulate Matter Induces Nonallergic Eosinophilic Sinonasal Inflammation in Mice 13) Connect the dots: Air quality, industrial strategy and smart mobility 14) Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in open road and built-up street canyon environments ? A review 15) Impacts on air pollution and health by changing commuting from car to bicycle 16) Do environmental concerns affect commuting choices?: hybrid choice modelling with household survey data 17) B vitamins attenuate the epigenetic effects of ambient fine particles in a pilot human intervention trial - o - 1) Effects of aircraft noise exposure on saliva cortisol near airports in France Marie Lef?vre, Marie-Christine Carlier, Patricia Champelovier, Jacques Lambert, Bernard Laumon, Anne-Sophie Evrard These findings provide some support for a psychological stress induced by aircraft noise exposure, resulting in HPA dysregulation and a flattened cortisol rhythm, thus contributing to cardiovascular diseases. OEM 74;8 2017 - read abstract (http://oem.bmj.com/content/74/8/612) - o - 2) High Levels of Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and Stress Increase Risk of Childhood Asthma Reported at the American Thoracic Society 2017 International Conference, from May 19 ? 24, 2017 Our data suggested that all children born to women experiencing increased levels of air pollution and stress during the prenatal period are particularly at increased risk of developing asthma in early childhood. Primary Care News ? May 24, 2017 - read abstract (http://www.practiceupdate.com/news/16135/2/6?elsca1=emc_enews_daily-digest&elsca2=email&elsca3=practiceupdate_primary&elsca4=primary-care&elsca5=newsletter&rid=MjQ1ODY3NDQ1NDMyS0&lid=10332481) - o - 3) Individual exposure to nitrogen dioxide and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Kaunas study Audrius Dedele, Regina Grazuleviciene, Aukse Miskinyte The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that LBW risk increased statistically significantly with increasing exposure to NO2. Increased maternal exposure to NO2 tended to increase the risk for TLBW, SGA and PB. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 27;3 2017 - read abstract (http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09603123.2017.1332348) - o - 4) Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity Guangyun Mao, Rebecca Massa Nachman, Qi Sun, Xingyou Zhang, Kirsten Koehler, Zhu Chen, Xiumei Hong, Guoying Wang, Deanna Caruso, Geng Zong, Colleen Pearson, Hongkai Ji, Shyam Biswal, Barry Zuckerman, Marsha Wills-Karp, Xiaobin Wang In the present study, we observed that early life exposure to PM2.5 may play an important role in the early life origins of COWO and may increase the risk of COWO in children of mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy beyond the risk that can be attributed to MPBMI alone. Our findings emphasize the clinical and public health policy relevance of early life PM2.5 exposure. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP261 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP261) - o - 5) Short-term effects of weather and air pollution on atopic dermatitis symptoms in children: A panel study in Korea Young-Min Kim, Jihyun Kim, Youngshin Han, Byoung-Hak Jeon, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Kangmo Ahn Exposure to meteorological variables and air pollutants are associated with AD symptoms in young children. PlosOne April 2017 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175229) - o - 6) Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Serum Inflammatory Cytokines in Children Olena Gruzieva, Simon Kebede Merid, Anna Gref, Ashwini Gajulapuri, Nathana?l Lemonnier, St?phane Ballereau, Bruna Gigante, Juha Kere, Charles Auffray, Erik Mel?n, G?ran Pershagen Our results indicate alterations in systemic inflammatory markers in 8-y-old children in relation to early-life exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP460 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP460) - o - 7) Traffic-related air pollution and spectacles use in schoolchildren Payam Dadvand, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Xavier Basaga?a, Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, Albert Dalmau-Bueno, Marta Cirach, Ioar Rivas, Bert Brunekreef, Xavier Querol, Ian G. Morgan, Jordi Sunyer We observed increased risk of spectacles use associated with exposure to traffic-related air pollution. These findings require further confirmation by future studies applying more refined outcome measures such as quantified visual acuity and separating different types of refractive errors. PlosOne April 2017 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167046) - o - 8) The joint effect of air pollution exposure and copy number variation on risk for autism Dokyoon Kim, Heather Volk, Santhosh Girirajan, Sarah Pendergrass, Molly A. Hall, Shefali S. Verma, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Robin L. Hansen, Debashis Ghosh, Yunin Ludena-Rodriguez, Kyoungmi Kim, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Scott B. Selleck These findings appear to be the first indication that global copy number variation may increase susceptibility to certain environmental factors, and underscore the need to consider both genomics and environmental exposures as well as the mechanisms by which each may amplify the risks for autism associated with the other. Autism Research 2017 - read abstract (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aur.1799/full) - o - 9) Fine particulate matter exposure and incidence of stroke : A cohort study in Hong Kong Hong Qiu, Shengzhi Sun, Hilda Tsang, Chit-Ming Wong, Ruby Siu-yin Lee, C. Mary Schooling, Linwei Tian Long-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with higher risk of incident ischemic stroke, but the association with incident hemorrhagic stroke was less clear. Neurology May 2017 88:18 1709-1717 - read abstract (http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003903) - o - 10) Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE) Kateryna B Fuks, Gudrun Weinmayr, Xavier Basaga?a, Olena Gruzieva, Regina Hampel, Bente Oftedal, Mette S?rensen, Kathrin Wolf, Geir Aamodt, Gunn Marit Aasvang Long-term residential exposures to air pollution and noise are associated with increased incidence of self-reported hypertension. Eur Heart J (2017) 38 (13): 983-990 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw413) 11) Analysis of Temporal Variability in the Short-term Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Nonaccidental Mortality in Rome, Italy (1998?2014) Matteo Renzi, Massimo Stafoggia, Annunziata Faustini, Giulia Cesaroni, Giorgio Cattani, Francesco Forastiere Mean concentrations of air pollutants have decreased over the last two decades in Rome, but effect estimates for a fixed increment in each exposure were generally consistent. These findings suggest that there has been little or no change in the overall toxicity of the air pollution mixture over time. Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP19 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP19) - o - 12) Airborne Particulate Matter Induces Nonallergic Eosinophilic Sinonasal Inflammation in Mice Murugappan Ramanathan Jr., Nyall R. London Jr., Anuj Tharakan , Nitya Surya , Thomas E. Sussan , Xiaoquan Rao , Sandra Y. Lin , Elina Toskala , Sanjay Rajagopalan , Shyam Biswal Collectively, although largely observational, these studies demonstrate the destructive effects of chronic airborne PM exposure on the sinonasal airway barrier disruption and nonallergic eosinophilic inflammation in mice. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 57:1 Jul 2017 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2016-0351OC) - o - 13) Connect the dots: Air quality, industrial strategy and smart mobility Quilter-Pinner, H and Laybourn-Langton, L "Of particular concern to human health are nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.522), as both are recorded at high concentrations across the UK, and because the evidence linking them to poor health is strong (Defra 2015a). Indeed, experts estimate that 29,000 ?equivalent? deaths are caused annually from exposure to PM2.5 in the UK (COMEAP 2010) ? a figure which increases to 40,000 when also considering the related effects of NO2 (RCP 2016). The subsequent costs to the NHS and the economy (in terms of working days lost) is estimated at more than ?20 billion every year (RCP 2016)". IPPR (2017) 24pp - read report (http://www.ippr.org/publications/free-movement-and-the-eu-referendum) - o - 14) Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in open road and built-up street canyon environments ? A review K.V.Abhijith, Prashant Kumar, John Gallagher, Aonghus McNabola, Richard Baldauf, Francesco Pilla, Brian Broderick, Silvana Di Sabatino, Beatrice Pulvirenti Green infrastructure can play a significant role in mitigating urban air pollution. Air quality changes in local built environments due to vegetation are assessed. Low-level hedges improves air quality in street canyons unlike high-level trees. Green green walls and roofs are effective to reduce pollution in streets/open roads. Prior design of green infrastructure should be performed for improving air quality. Atmospheric Environment 162, August 2017, 71-86 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.014) - o - 15) Impacts on air pollution and health by changing commuting from car to bicycle Christer Johansson, Boel L?venheim, Peter Schantz, Lina Wahlgren, Peter Almstr?m, Anders Markstedt, Magnus Str?mgren, Bertil Forsberg, Johan NilssonSommar A very large potential for transferring car commuters to cycling; more than 111 000 car commuters shifting. Reduced vehicle emission and thereby reduced population exposure, saves 449 years of life annually in Stockholm County. This is more than double the effect estimated in connection with the introduction of congestion tax in Stockholm. Science of The Total Environment 584?585 April 2017 55-63 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.145) - o - 16) Do environmental concerns affect commuting choices?: hybrid choice modelling with household survey data Jennifer Roberts, Gurleen Popli, Rosemary J. Harris Our results suggest that environmental attitudes have an important influence on commute mode choice, and this can be exploited by governments looking to add to their climate change policy toolbox in an effort to change travel behaviours. J. R. Stat. Soc. A. doi:10.1111/rssa.12274 - read article (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/rssa.12274/full) - o - 17) B vitamins attenuate the epigenetic effects of ambient fine particles in a pilot human intervention trial Jia Zhonga, Oskar Karlssonb, Guan Wang, Jun Li,, Yichen Guo, Xinyi Lin, Michele Zemplenyi, Marco Sanchez-Guerra, Letizia Trevisi, Bruce Urch, Mary Speck, Liming Liang, Brent A. Coull, Petros Koutrakis, Frances Silverman, Diane R. Gold, Tangchun Wu, Andrea A. Baccarelli Our study indicates that individual-level prevention may be used to complement regulations and control potential mechanistic pathways underlying the adverse PM2.5 effects, with possible significant public health benefit in areas with frequent PM2.5 peaks. PNAS 114:13 3503?3508 - read abstract (http://www.pnas.org/content/114/13/3503.abstract) - o - ---------------------------------------------------------- Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative 10 Montgomery Terrace Road Sheffield S6 3BU Tel. 0114 285 9931 Fax 0114 278 7173 Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/barbara.rimmington.3) Twitter (https://www.twitter.com/b_rimm/) Website (http://www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk/index.htm) Visit our archive (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/) Our archive is now up-to-date. 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