From contact at cleanairuk.org Thu Dec 21 15:16:10 2017 From: contact at cleanairuk.org (contact at cleanairuk.org) Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 15:16:10 +0000 Subject: [cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update December 2017 Message-ID: <20171221151610.Horde.9Tc9QyYReOZArIl7EjDV0Op@webmail.networkforcleanair.org.uk> * Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update December 2017 * By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative (Previous edition - November 2017: http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2017-November/000120.html) (Index for previous issues: http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html) *CONTENTS* 1) Impact of London's road traffic air and noise pollution on birth weight: retrospective population based cohort study 2) Pregnancy and Lifetime Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Infant Mortality in Massachusetts, 2001?2007 3) Cause-specific stillbirth and exposure to chemical constituents and sources of fine particulate matter 4) Association between particulate matter concentration and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in children living in an industrial urban area of South Korea 5) Traffic-related air pollution and childhood obesity in an Italian birth cohort 6) Tackling the mortality from long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution in megacities: Lessons from the Greater Cairo case study 7) Associations of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with emergency ambulance calls for the exacerbation of essential arterial hypertension 8) Including health in environmental impact assessments of three mega transport projects in Sydney, Australia: A critical, institutional, analysis 9) The potential health, financial and environmental impacts of dieselgate in Ireland 10) Exposure to traffic-generated air pollutants mediates alterations in brain microvascular integrity in wildtype mice on a high-fat diet 11) The Importance of Clean Air in Education 12) The variability of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in selected Polish agglomerations: the role of meteorological conditions, 2006?2016 13) Potential for Bias When Estimating Critical Windows for Air Pollution in Children?s Health - o - 1) Impact of London's road traffic air and noise pollution on birth weight: retrospective population based cohort study Rachel B Smith, Daniela Fecht, John Gulliver, Sean D Beevers, David Dajnak, Marta Blangiardo, Rebecca E Ghosh, Anna L Hansell, Frank J Kelly, H Ross Anderson, Mireille B Toledano The findings suggest that air pollution from road traffic in London is adversely affecting fetal growth. The results suggest little evidence for an independent exposure-response effect of traffic related noise on birth weight outcomes. BMJ 2017; 359 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j5299) - o - 2) Pregnancy and Lifetime Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Infant Mortality in Massachusetts, 2001?2007 Ji-Young Son, Hyung Joo Lee, Petros Koutrakis, Michelle L Bell We did not observe a statistically significant relationship between gestational exposure and mortality. Our findings provide supportive evidence that lifetime exposure to PM2.5 increases risk of infant mortality. American Journal of Epidemiology 186:11, 1 December 2017, 1268?1276 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx015) - o - 3) Cause-specific stillbirth and exposure to chemical constituents and sources of fine particulate matter Keita Ebisu, Brian Malig, Sina Hasheminassab, Constantinos Sioutas, Rupa Basu Explored associations between cause-specific stillbirth and PM2.5 sources. Gestational age-adjusted exposure was estimated in nested case-control study design. Different causes of stillbirth were associated with different pollutants. Highlighted the importance of investigating cause-specific stillbirth. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 358-364 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.015) - o - 4) Association between particulate matter concentration and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in children living in an industrial urban area of South Korea Inbo Oh, Jiho Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Jihyun Kim, Young-Min Kim, Chang Sun Sim, Yangho Kim Twenty-one children were observed daily for atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms with PM measurement. PM exposure was significantly associated with the exacerbation of AD symptoms. PM2.5 had a stronger effect than PM10 on exacerbation of AD symptoms. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 462-468 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.030) - o - 5) Traffic-related air pollution and childhood obesity in an Italian birth cohort Sara Fioravanti, Giulia Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Paola Michelozzi, Francesco Forastiere, Daniela Porta Few studies analyse the association between air pollution and children BMI. We modelled traffic-related air pollution with land-use regression models. Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) has been used to control for selection bias. No association was found between pollutants and ponderal excess parameters. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 479-486 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.003) - o - 6) Tackling the mortality from long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution in megacities: Lessons from the Greater Cairo case study Ali Wheida, Amira Nasser, Mostafa El Nazer, Agnes Borbon, Gehad A.Abo El Ata, Magdy Abdel Wahab, Stephane C.Alfaro Mortality due to long-term exposure to air pollution in Greater Cairo is estimated. Air-suspended matter (PM2.5) is the most severe problem. At least from 10240 to 15930 people die each year of exposure to PM2.5. From 7850 to 10470 die of exposure to NO2. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 223-231 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.028) - o - 7) Associations of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with emergency ambulance calls for the exacerbation of essential arterial hypertension Jone Vencloviene, Agne Braziene, Audrius Dedele, Kristina Lopatiene, Paulius Dobozinskas Before noon, the risk was associated with an interquartile range (IQR) (7.9 ?g/m3) increase in PM10 at lag 2?4 days below the median (RR = 1.08, p = 0.031) and with an IQR (0.146 mg/m3) increase in CO at lag 6?7 below the median (RR = 1.05, p = 0.028). During 14:00?21:59, the risk was associated with an IQR (18.8 ?g/m3) increase in PM10 on the previous day below the median (RR = 1.04, p = 0.031). At night, EAC were negatively affected by lower O3 (lag 0?2) below the median (per IQR decrease RR = 1.10, p = 0.018) and a higher PM10 at lag 0?1 above the median for the elderly (RR = 1.07, p = 0.030). International Journal of Environmental Health Research 27:6 2017 509-524 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2017.1405246) - o - 8) Including health in environmental impact assessments of three mega transport projects in Sydney, Australia: A critical, institutional, analysis Patrick Harris, Emily Riley, Peter Sainsbury, Jennifer Kent, Fran Baum Our institutional analysis provides important knowledge about how the EIAs preferenced a focus on specific health risks to the detriment of the known broader determinants that shape the health impacts of transport. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 68, January 2018, 109-116 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2017.09.002) - o - 9) The potential health, financial and environmental impacts of dieselgate in Ireland Shreya Dey, Brian Caulfield, Bidisha Ghosh NOx emission levels calculated based on laboratory test results, on-road measurements and the COPERT 4 model were compared. Additionally, NOx emission levels from the defective Volkswagen models have been calculated to quantify the effect of the Volkswagen scandal on Ireland. Impacts of excess NOx emissions on health and cost have also been presented. Transportation Planning and Technology November 2017 17-36 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2018.1402743) - o - 10) Exposure to traffic-generated air pollutants mediates alterations in brain microvascular integrity in wildtype mice on a high-fat diet Usa Suwannasual, Jo Ann Lucero, Jacob D. McDonald, Amie K.Lund Exposure to vehicle emissions alters BBB permeability in high-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice. Vehicle emission exposures exacerbate oxLDL levels in animals on a high-fat diet. Alterations in neurovascular integrity are associated with increased oxLDL receptors. Exposures result in reduced TJ protein expression associated with MMP-2/9 activity. Environmental Research 160, January 2018, 449-461 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.029) - o - 11) The Importance of Clean Air in Education Lewis Koch Nowhere is clean air more important than in education. Children are particularly prone to the effects of poor air quality and education is crucial for the young to improve their chances in life. It is imperative they are given every opportunity to succeed and are not held back by issues out of their control, of which, unclean air is a major one. Because of the fact that we spend, on average, around 90% of our time indoors (a number which has been on the increase for the past half century), it is more important now than ever before that the quality of the air we breathe in is of a sufficiently high enough level. Envirotech blog February 2017 - read article (https://www.envirotec.co.uk/blog/importance-of-clean-air-education/) - o - 12) The variability of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in selected Polish agglomerations: the role of meteorological conditions, 2006?2016 Joanna J?druszkiewicz, Bartosz Czernecki, Micha? Marosz In winter, the meteorological conditions unfavourable to the pollutant?s dispersion comprise: high-pressure systems, stable equilibrium in the atmosphere and limited turbulence occur quite often together with low wind speed and reduced height of the planetary boundary layer. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 27:6 2017 441-462 - read abstract (https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2017.1379055) - o - 13) Potential for Bias When Estimating Critical Windows for Air Pollution in Children?s Health Ander Wilson, Yueh-Hsiu, Mathilda Chiu, Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu, Robert O Wright, Rosalind J Wright, Brent A Coull Analysis of body mass index z score and fat mass in the same cohort highlighted inconsistent estimates from the 3 methods. American Journal of Epidemiology 186:11, 1 December 2017, 1281?1289 - read article (https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx184) - o - ---------------------------------------------------------- Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative 10 Montgomery Terrace Road Sheffield S6 3BU Tel. 0114 285 9931 Fax 0114 278 7173 Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/barbara.rimmington.3) Twitter (https://www.twitter.com/b_rimm/) Website (http://www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk/index.htm) Visit our archive (https://sheffieldeastend.wordpress.com/) Our archive is now up-to-date. 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