[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2016
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Fri Nov 11 13:34:20 GMT 2016
* Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2016 *
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
(Previous edition - September 2016:
http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2016-November/000104.html)
(Index for previous issues:
http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html)
*NOTICE*
Clean Air Convergence 2016, Saturday 12 November 2016 at Student
Central (formerly Univeristy of London Union - ULU) Malet Street, London
Details: http://cleanairuk.org/convergence-2016.html
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*CONTENTS*
1) Links between noise and air pollution and socioeconomic status
2) Associations between maternal exposure to air pollution and traffic
noise and newborn's size at birth: A cohort study
3) Intrauterine Inflammation and Maternal Exposure to Ambient PM2.5
during Preconception and Specific Periods of Pregnancy: The Boston
Birth Cohort
4) Acute Impact of Hourly Ambient Air Pollution on Preterm Birth
5) PM2.5 Exposure and Intrauterine Inflammation: A Possible Mechanism
for Preterm and Underweight Birth
6) Particulate Oxidative Burden as a Predictor of Exhaled Nitric Oxide
in Children with Asthma
7) Neurodevelopmental Deceleration by Urban Fine Particles from
Different Emission Sources: A Longitudinal Observational Study
8) Recent versus chronic exposure to particulate matter air pollution
in association with neurobehavioral performance in a panel study of
primary schoolchildren
9) Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Major Depressive
Disorder in a Community-Based Urban Cohort
10) Nanoscale Particulate Matter from Urban Traffic Rapidly Induces
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Olfactory Epithelium with
Concomitant Effects on Brain
11) The Cost of Air Pollution. Strengthening the Economic Case for Action
12) The contributions to long-term health-relevant particulate matter
at the UK EMEP supersites between 2010 and 2013: Quantifying the
mitigation challenge
13) Placental Nitrosative Stress and Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution
During Gestation: A Population Study
14) The associations between environmental quality and preterm birth
in the United States, 2000–2005: a cross-sectional analysis
15) Adverse Reproductive Health Outcomes and Exposure to Gaseous and
Particulate-Matter Air Pollution in Pregnant Women
16) Ambient Air Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Wuhan, China
17) Gaseous pollutants on rural and urban nursery schools in Northern Portugal
18) Cognitive disorders in children associated with urban vehicular emissions
19) Can air pollution negate the health benefits of cycling and walking?
20) The Effect of Pollution on Worker Productivity: Evidence from
Call-Center Workers in China
21) Long-term exposure to traffic pollution and hospital admissions in London
22) Associations of Source-Specific Fine Particulate Matter With
Emergency Department Visits in California
23) Is long-term exposure to traffic pollution associated with
mortality? A small-area study in London
24) Impact of the Volkswagen emissions control defeat device on US
public health
25) Valuing the human health damage caused by the fraud of Volkswagen
26) Experimental examination of effectiveness of vegetation as
bio-filter of particulate matters in the urban environment
27) Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
28) Origin of inorganic and organic components of PM2.5 in subway
stations of Barcelona, Spain
29) Particle transport characteristics in the micro-environment near
the roadway
30) Tackling air pollution and extreme climate changes in China:
Implementing the Paris climate change agreement
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1) Links between noise and air pollution and socioeconomic status
Science for Environment Policy
Air pollution and noise pollution have a negative impact on all of
society — but some groups are more affected than others. Lower
socioeconomic status is generally associated with poorer health, and
both air and noise pollution contribute to a wide range of other
factors influencing human health. But do these health inequalities
arise because of increased exposure to pollution, increased
sensitivity to exposure, increased vulnerabilities, or some
combination? This In-depth Report presents evidence on whether people
in deprived areas are more affected by air and noise pollution — and
suffer greater consequences — than wealthier populations.
European Union 2016 40pp - read report
(http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/air_noise_pollution_socioeconomic_status_links_IR13_en.pdf)
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2) Associations between maternal exposure to air pollution and traffic
noise and newborn's size at birth: A cohort study
Dorrit Hjortebjerg, Anne Marie Nybo Andersen, Matthias Ketzel, Marie
Pedersen, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Mette Sørensen
Air pollution and traffic noise are both suspected of impairing fetal
growth. Only few studies have investigated both exposures including
mutually adjustment. Air pollution was associated with offspring's
head and abdominal circumference. Air pollution was not associated
with offspring's birth weight. Traffic noise seems not to affect
newborn's size at birth.
Environment International 95, October 2016, 1–7 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016302616)
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3) Intrauterine Inflammation and Maternal Exposure to Ambient PM2.5
during Preconception and Specific Periods of Pregnancy: The Boston
Birth Cohort
Rebecca Massa Nachman, Guangyun Mao, Xingyou Zhang, Xiumei Hong, Zhu
Chen, Claire Sampankanpanich Soria, Huan He, Guoying Wang, Deanna
Caruso, Colleen Pearson, Shyam Biswal, Barry Zuckerman, Marsha
Wills-Karp, Xiaobin Wang
Despite relatively low exposures, our results suggest a monotonic
positive relationship between PM2.5 exposure during preconception and
pregnancy and IUI. IUI may be a sensitive biomarker for assessing
early biological effect of PM2.5 exposure on the developing fetus.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP243 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP243/)
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4) Acute Impact of Hourly Ambient Air Pollution on Preterm Birth
Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo, Gail Williams
Acute increases in ambient air pollution concentrations above certain
levels before onset of labor may stimulate preterm birth.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP200 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP200/)
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5) PM2.5 Exposure and Intrauterine Inflammation: A Possible Mechanism
for Preterm and Underweight Birth
Nate Seltenrich
When researchers estimated pregnant women’s exposures to PM2.5, they
found that higher exposures were associated with increased incidence
of intrauterine inflammation. Although the association was seen with
exposures in all trimesters, it was weaker among women exposed during
the second and third trimesters.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.124-A190 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/124-A190/)
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6) Particulate Oxidative Burden as a Predictor of Exhaled Nitric Oxide
in Children with Asthma
Caitlin L. Maikawa, Scott Weichenthal, Amanda J. Wheeler, Nina A.
Dobbin, Audrey Smargiassi, Greg Evans, Ling Liu, Mark S. Goldberg,
Krystal J. Godri Pollitt
Exposure to PM2.5 with elevated glutathione-related oxidative burden
was associated with increased FeNO.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP175 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP175/)
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7) Neurodevelopmental Deceleration by Urban Fine Particles from
Different Emission Sources: A Longitudinal Observational Study
Xavier Basagaña, Mikel Esnaola, Ioar Rivas, Fulvio Amato, Mar
Alvarez-Pedrerol, Joan Forns, Mònica López-Vicente, Jesús Pujol, Mark
Nieuwenhuijsen, Xavier Querol, Jordi Sunyer
Traffic was the only source of fine particles associated with a
reduction in cognitive development. Reducing air pollution from
traffic at primary schools may result in beneficial effects on
cognition.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP209 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP209/)
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8) Recent versus chronic exposure to particulate matter air pollution
in association with neurobehavioral performance in a panel study of
primary schoolchildren
Nelly D. Saenen, Eline B. Provost, Mineke K. Viaene, Charlotte
Vanpoucke, Wouter Lefebvre, Karen Vrijens, Harry A. Roels, Tim S. Nawrot
Recent particulate matter (PM) exposure and neurobehavior scarcely
studied. We conducted a panel study with repeated measurements in
primary schoolchildren. We explored effect-sizes between
recent/chronic PM and neurobehavioral performance. Recent PM exposure
is inversely associated with visual information processing speed.
Chronic PM exposure is negatively associated with sustained and
selective attention.
Environment International 95, October 2016, 112–119 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016302720)
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9) Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Major Depressive
Disorder in a Community-Based Urban Cohort
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Youn-Hee Lim, Hyun Joo Bae, Myounghee Kim, Kweon Jung,
Yun-Chul Hong
Long-term PM2.5 exposure increased the risk of MDD among the general
population. Individuals with underlying chronic diseases are more
vulnerable to long-term PM2.5 exposure.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP192 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP192/)
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10) Nanoscale Particulate Matter from Urban Traffic Rapidly Induces
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Olfactory Epithelium with
Concomitant Effects on Brain
Hank Cheng, Arian Saffari, Constantinos Sioutas, Henry J. Forman, Todd
E. Morgan, Caleb E. Finch
These findings show the differential time course of oxidative stress
and inflammatory responses to nPM between the OE and the brain. Slow
cumulative transport of inhaled nPM into the brain may contribute to
delayed responses of proximal and distal brain regions, with potential
input from systemic factors.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP134 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/EHP134/)
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11) The Cost of Air Pollution. Strengthening the Economic Case for Action
The study has found that premature deaths due to air pollution in 2013
cost the global economy about $225 billion in lost labor income, or
about $5.11 trillion in welfare losses worldwide. That is about the
size of the gross domestic product of India, Canada, and Mexico
combined and a sobering wake-up call.
The World Bank and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
University of Washington, Seattle 2016, 122pp - read report
(http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/781521473177013155/pdf/108141-REVISED-Cost-of-PollutionWebCORRECTEDfile.pdf)
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12) The contributions to long-term health-relevant particulate matter
at the UK EMEP supersites between 2010 and 2013: Quantifying the
mitigation challenge
Christopher S. Malley, Mathew R. Heal, Christine F. Braban, John
Kentisbeer, Sarah R. Leeson, Heath Malcolm, Justin J.N. Lingard,
Stuart Ritchie, Richard Maggs, Sonya Beccaceci, Paul Quincey, Richard
J.C. Brown, Marsailidh M. Twigg
PM and PM component measurements at UK EMEP supersites (2010 − 2013)
were analysed. Analysis focussed on conditions producing long-term
health-relevant PM (annual average concentrations). Moderate PM
concentrations made largest contribution to long-term health-relevant
PM. Moderate PM concentrations were produced across range of
components, months and air mass pathways. There was no single, key
determinant of long-term health-relevant PM at these sites.
Environment International 95, October 2016, 98–111 - read article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016302951)
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13) Placental Nitrosative Stress and Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution
During Gestation: A Population Study
Nelly D. Saenen, Karen Vrijens, Bram G. Janssen, Narjes Madhloum,
Martien Peusens, Wilfried Gyselaers, Charlotte Vanpoucke, Wouter
Lefebvre, Harry A. Roels, Tim S. Nawrot
The link between placental nitrosative stress and exposure to fine
particle air pollution during gestation is in line with experimental
evidence on cigarette smoke and diesel exhaust exposure. Further
research is needed to elucidate potential health consequences
experienced later in life through particle-mediated nitrosative stress
incurred during fetal life.
Am. J. Epidemiol. (2016) 184 (6): 442-449 - read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/184/6/442.abstract?etoc)
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14) The associations between environmental quality and preterm birth
in the United States, 2000–2005: a cross-sectional analysis
Kristen M. Rappazzo, Lynne C. Messer, Jyotsna S. Jagai, Christine L.
Gray, Shannon C. Grabich, Danelle T. Lobdell
We observed both strong positive and negative associations between
measures of broad environmental quality and preterm birth.
Associations differed by rural–urban stratum and by the five
environmental domains. Our study demonstrates the use of a large scale
composite environment exposure metric with preterm birth, an important
indicator of population health and shows potential for future research.
Environmental Health 2015 14:50 - read article
(http://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-015-0038-3)
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15) Adverse Reproductive Health Outcomes and Exposure to Gaseous and
Particulate-Matter Air Pollution in Pregnant Women
Jun WuOlivier LaurentLianfa LiJianlin HuMichael Kleeman
This study analyzes associations between increases in various air
pollution exposure metrics and increased risks of preterm birth, using
birth certificate data collected in California from 2001 to 2008.
HEI Research Report 188, July 2016 - read report
(https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/adverse-reproductive-health-outcomes-and-exposure-gaseous-and-particulate-matter-air)
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16) Ambient Air Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Wuhan, China
Zhengmin QianBin ZhangShengwen LiangJing WangShaoping YangKe HuEdwin
TrevathanRong YangQijie LiLouise H FlickRonghua HuZhen HuangYimin
ZhangShixiang HuJing WangLongjiao ShenYuan LuHui PengYuzhen YuLi
YangWei ChenWenjin LiuWei Zhang
A study conducted in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province in
China. Wuhan experiences temperature extremes and generally has higher
air pollution levels than those seen in the United States and Europe.
The study examined whether increased exposures to air pollutants
(particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon
monoxide, and ozone) during vulnerable pregnancy periods were
associated with increased rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, or
intrauterine growth retardation, using both a cohort and nested
case-control design.
HEI Research Report 189, Sept 2016 - read report
(https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/ambient-air-pollution-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-wuhan-china)
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17) Gaseous pollutants on rural and urban nursery schools in Northern Portugal
R.A.O. Nunes, P.T.B.S. Branco, M.C.M. Alvim-Ferraz, F.G. Martins, S.I.V. Sousa
This is the only study comparing gaseous pollutants continuously
measured in urban and rural nurseries. Children's risk of exposure
occurs mainly in the urban nursery school. Outdoor air was the main
determinant of CO, NO2 and O3 indoor concentrations. There is a need
to implement measures to reduce critical situations regarding IAQ.
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 2–15 - read article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115003516)
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18) Cognitive disorders in children associated with urban vehicular emissions
Ramesh Naidu Annavarapu, , Srujana Kathi
Developing brain is vulnerable to the effect of urban air pollution.
Urban emissions cause neurodegeneration and attention deficits among
children. Exposure to air pollutants leads to oxidative stress in
living systems
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 74–78 - read
article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115300828)
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19) Can air pollution negate the health benefits of cycling and walking?
Marko Tainio, Audrey J. de Nazelle, Thomas Götschi, Sonja Kahlmeier,
David Rojas-Rueda, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Thiago Hérick de Sá, Paul
Kelly, James Woodcock
Air pollution (AP) may reduce the health benefits of active travel
(AT). We compared risk–benefit trade-off of AP and physical activity
(PA) due to AT. In most urban environments benefits of PA outweighed
risks of AP. If cycling replaces driving, the trade-off would be even
more beneficial.
Preventive Medicine 87, June 2016, 233–236 - read article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743516000402)
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20) The Effect of Pollution on Worker Productivity: Evidence from
Call-Center Workers in China
Tom Chang, Joshua Graff Zivin, Tal Gross, Matthew Neidell
The study found that the negative impacts of pollution on productivity
extend beyond physically demanding tasks to indoor, white-collar work.
NBER Working Paper No. 22328 June 2016 - read abstract
(http://www.nber.org/papers/w22328)
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21) Long-term exposure to traffic pollution and hospital admissions in London
Jaana I. Halonen, Marta Blangiardo, Mireille B. Toledano, Daniela
Fecht, John Gulliver, H. Ross Anderson, Sean D. Beevers, David Dajnak,
Frank J. Kelly, Cathryn Tonne
Evidence concerning associations between traffic pollutants and
morbidity is scarce. We addressed this using state of the art
small-area statistical methods. There was no convincing evidence of
positive linear associations with admissions.
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 48–57 - read
article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115300993)
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22) Associations of Source-Specific Fine Particulate Matter With
Emergency Department Visits in California
Bart Ostro, Brian Malig, Sina Hasheminassab, Kimberly Berger, Emily
Chang, Constantinos Sioutas
Overall, our results provide additional evidence of the public health
consequences of exposure to specific sources of PM2.5 and indicate
that some sources of PM2.5 may pose higher risks than the overall
PM2.5 mass.
Am. J. Epidemiol. (2016) 184 (6): 450-459 - read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/184/6/450.abstract?etoc)
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23) Is long-term exposure to traffic pollution associated with
mortality? A small-area study in London
Jaana I. Halonen, Marta Blangiardo, Mireille B. Toledano, Daniela
Fecht, John Gulliver, Rebecca Ghosh, H. Ross Anderson, Sean D.
Beevers, David Dajnak, Frank J. Kelly, Paul Wilkinson, Cathryn Tonne
Evidence of association between primary traffic pollutants and
mortality is scarce. We examined this in a large city using most
recent small-area statistical methods. Overall, there was only weak
evidence of positive associations with mortality.
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 25–32 - read
article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115003292)
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24) Impact of the Volkswagen emissions control defeat device on US
public health
Steven R H Barrett, Raymond L Speth, Sebastian D Eastham, Irene C
Dedoussi, Akshay Ashok, Robert Malina, David W Keith
Integrated over the sales period (2008–2015) we estimate that the
excess emissions will cause 59 (95% CI: 10 to 150) early deaths in the
US. When monetizing premature mortality using EPA-recommended data, we
find a social cost of ~$450m over the sales period. For the current
fleet, we estimate that a return to compliance for all affected
vehicles by the end of 2016 will avert ~130 early deaths and avoid
~$840m in social costs compared to a counterfactual case without recall.
Environmental Research Letters 10;11 - read article
(http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/114005)
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25) Valuing the human health damage caused by the fraud of Volkswagen
Rik Oldenkamp, Rosalie van Zelm, Mark A.J. Huijbregts
Health damages from Volkswagen's emission fraud are estimated in the
USA and Europe. Combined health damages in the USA and Europe are
estimated at 45 thousand DALYs. Health damages will further increase
to 119 thousand DALYs if cars are not recalled. Combined health costs
in the USA and Europe are estimated at 39 billion US dollars. Costs
will further increase to 102 billion US dollars if cars are not
recalled.
Environmental Pollution 212, May 2016, 121–127 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749116300537)
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26) Experimental examination of effectiveness of vegetation as
bio-filter of particulate matters in the urban environment
Lixin Chen, Chenming Liu, Rui Zou, Mao Yang, Zhiqiang Zhang
Study of the relationship between vegetation and PM pollution is
presented. Type of vegetation is secondary to wind field effect in
influencing urban-scale PM pollution. Planting spaces aiding
ventilation are crucial in roadside PM pollution control. Species
differences are obvious but difficult to apply in practice.
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 198–208 - read
article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115300518)
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27) Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
Gajalakshmi Ramanathan, Fen Yin, Mary Speck, Chi-hong Tseng, Jeffrey
R. Brook, Frances Silverman, Bruce Urch, Robert D. Brook, Jesus A.
Araujo
Brief exposures to concentrated PM2.5 elicited swift effects on HDL
anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory functionality, which could indicate a
potential mechanism for how particulate air pollution induces harmful
cardiovascular effects.
Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2016 13:26 - read article
(https://particleandfibretoxicology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3)
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28) Origin of inorganic and organic components of PM2.5 in subway
stations of Barcelona, Spain
Vânia Martins, Teresa Moreno, María Cruz Minguillón, Barend L. van
Drooge, Cristina Reche, Fulvio Amato, Eladio de Miguel, Marta
Capdevila, Sonia Centelles, Xavier Querol
PM2.5 concentrations varied according to stations design and seasonal
periods. Haematite was the most abundant component of PM2.5. Organic
compounds such as PAHs were detected in the subway stations. The
subway contribution to ambient PM2.5 on the platforms ranged from 9 to
58%. The chemical profile of the subway emissions varies depending on
the station.
Environmental Pollution 208, Part A, January 2016, 125–136 - read
article
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749115003371)
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29) Particle transport characteristics in the micro-environment near
the roadway
Xinming Jin, Lijun Yang, , Xiaoze Du, Yongping Yang
Particle transport characteristics in micro-environment near roadways
are studied. Wind speed plays a significant role in the dispersion of
vehicle emitted particles. Noise barriers can block incoming flow and
restrain particles from transporting. Vegetation canopies along the
roadsides cannot confine the particle dispersion. Trees in front of
building facade result in particle gathering near the windows.
Increasing deposition velocity on trees and keeping windows closed are
preferred.
Building and Environment 102, June 2016, 138–158 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132316301068)
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30) Tackling air pollution and extreme climate changes in China:
Implementing the Paris climate change agreement
Ernest Tambo, Wang Duo-quan, Xiao-Nong Zhou
As the world's biggest carbon dioxide emitter, China has embarked on
“SMART” pollution and climate changes programs and measures to reduce
coal-fired power plants to less than 50% in the next five years
include: new China model of energy policies commitment on CO2 and
greenhouse gas emissions reductions to less than 20% non-fossil energy
use by 2030 without undermining their economic growth, newly
introduced electric vehicles transportation benefits, interactive and
sustained air quality index (AQI) monitoring systems, decreasing
reliance on fossil fuel economic activities, revision of energy price
reforms and renewable energy to less energy efficient technologies
development.
Environment International 95, October 2016, 152–156 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412016301404)
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----------------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
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