[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2015
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Sun Jan 10 16:27:31 GMT 2016
* Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update October 2015 *
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
(Previous edition - September 2015:
http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2015-October/000091.html)
(Index for previous issues:
http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html)
*CONTENTS*
1) Health impact assessment of traffic noise in Madrid (Spain)
2) Prenatal exposure to common environmental factors affects brain
lipids and increases risk of developing autism spectrum disorder
3) Long-term effects of elemental composition of particulate matter on
inflammatory blood markers in European cohorts
4) Has reducing fine particulate matter and ozone caused reduced
mortality rates in the United States?
5) Associations between prenatal traffic-related air pollution
exposure and birth weight: Modification by sex and maternal
pre-pregnancy body mass index
6) Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.): allergenicity and
molecular characterization of pollen after plant exposure to elevated
NO2
7) Exposure to Elemental Carbon, Organic Carbon, Nitrate, and Sulfate
Fractions of Fine Particulate Matter and Risk of Preterm Birth in New
Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania (2000–2005)
8) Residential Proximity to Heavy-Traffic Roads, Benzene Exposure, and
Childhood Leukemia—The GEOCAP Study, 2002–2007
9) Estimating Causal Associations of Fine Particles With Daily Deaths
in Boston
10) Environmental pollution, health, and development: a Lancet–Global
Alliance on Health and Pollution–Icahn School of Medicine at Mount
Sinai Commission
11) Developing communication methods for localised air quality and
health impact information - AQ1010
- o -
1) Health impact assessment of traffic noise in Madrid (Spain)
Aurelio Tobías, Alberto Recio, Julio Díaz, Cristina Linares
The results obtained tend to question the WHO health protection
threshold values. This study highlights the importance of traffic
noise to the health in large cities. These results serve to highlight
the need to implement noise-abatement measures.
Environmental Research 137, February 2015, 136–140 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935114004629)
- o -
2) Prenatal exposure to common environmental factors affects brain
lipids and increases risk of developing autism spectrum disorders
Christine T. Wong, Joshua Wais, Dorota A. Crawford
The first comprehensive summary of other environmental factors, such
as exposure to chemicals in air pollution, pesticides and consumer
products, which can also disturb PGE2 signaling and increase the risk
for developing ASDs is provided. Also, how these exogenous agents are
capable of crossing the protective barriers of the brain during
critical developmental periods when barrier components are still
being formed is described. This review underlines the importance of
avoiding or limiting exposure to these factors during vulnerable
periods in development.
European Journal of Neuroscience DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13028 - read
abstract (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ejn.13028/abstract)
- o -
3) Long-term effects of elemental composition of particulate matter on
inflammatory blood markers in European cohorts
Regina Hampel, Annette Peters, Rob Beelen, Bert Brunekreef, Josef
Cyrys, Ulf de Faire, Kees de Hoogh, Kateryna Fuks, Barbara Hoffmann,
Anke Hüls, Medea Imboden, Aleksandra Jedynska, Ingeborg Kooter,
Wolfgang Koenig, Nino Künzli, Karin Leander, Patrik Magnusson, Satu
Männistö, Johanna Penell, Göran Pershagen, Harish Phuleria, Nicole
Probst-Hensch, Noreen Pundt, Emmanuel Schaffner, Tamara Schikowski,
Dorothea Sugiri, Pekka Tiittanen, Ming-Yi Tsai, Meng Wang, Kathrin Wolf
Long-term exposure to transition metals within ambient particulate
matter, originating from traffic and industry, may be related to
chronic systemic inflammation providing a link to long-term health
effects of particulate matter.
Environment International 82, September 2015, 76–84 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412015001233)
- o -
4) Has reducing fine particulate matter and ozone caused reduced
mortality rates in the United States?
Louis Anthony (Tony) Coxl, Douglas A. Popken
These findings suggest that predicted substantial human longevity
benefits resulting from reducing PM2.5 and O3 may not occur or may be
smaller than previously estimated. Our results highlight the potential
for heterogeneity in air pollution health effects across regions, and
the high potential value of accountability research comparing
model-based predictions of health benefits from reducing air
pollutants to historical records of what actually occurred.
Annals of Epidemiology March 2015 25,3, 162–173 - read abstract
(http://www.annalsofepidemiology.org/article/S1047-2797(14)00507-9/abstract)
- o -
5) Associations between prenatal traffic-related air pollution
exposure and birth weight: Modification by sex and maternal
pre-pregnancy body mass index
Ashwini Lakshmanan, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu, Brent A. Coull, Allan C.
Just, Sarah L. Maxwell, Joel Schwartz, Alexandros Gryparis, Itai
Kloog, Rosalind J. Wright, Robert O. Wright
Prenatal air pollution and birth weight association may vary by sex
and maternal BMI. Boys born to obese mothers may be particularly
vulnerable. We modeled air pollution with satellite-based and land-use
regression models. Results were robust for PM2.5 and black carbon
exposure measures.
Environmental Research 137, February 2015, 268–277 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935114004009)
- o -
6) Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.): allergenicity and
molecular characterization of pollen after plant exposure to elevated
NO2
Feng Zhao, Amr Elkelish, Jörg Durner, Christian Lindermayr, J. Barbro
Winkler, Franziska Ruёff, Heidrun Behrendt, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann,
Andreas Holzinger, Werner Kofler, Paula Braun, Christine von Toerne,
Stefanie M. Hauck, Dieter Ernst, Ulrike Frank
The data highlight a direct influence of elevated NO2 on the increased
allergenicity of ragweed pollen and a direct correlation with an
increased risk for human health.
Plant, Cell & Environment 19 SEP 2015, DOI: 10.1111/pce.12601 - read
abstract
(http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/pce.12601/abstract)
Prenatal and Childhood Traffic-Related Pollution Exposure and
Childhood Cognition in the Project Viva Cohort (Massachusetts, USA)
Maria H. Harris, Diane R. Gold, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Steven J.
Melly, Antonella Zanobetti, Brent A. Coull, Joel D. Schwartz
Alexandros Gryparis, Itai Kloog, Petros Koutrakis, David C. Bellinger,
Roberta F. White, Sharon K. Sagiv, Emily Oken
Residential proximity to major roadways during gestation and early
life may affect cognitive development. Influences of pollutants and
socioeconomic conditions on cognition may be difficult to disentangle.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1408803 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1408803/)
- o -
7) Exposure to Elemental Carbon, Organic Carbon, Nitrate, and Sulfate
Fractions of Fine Particulate Matter and Risk of Preterm Birth in New
Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania (2000–2005)
Kristen M. Rappazzo, Julie L. Daniels, Lynne C. Messer, Charles Poole,
Danelle T. Lobdell
Particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) has been
consistently associated with preterm birth (PTB) to varying degrees,
but roles of PM2.5 species have been less studied. EC and SO4 may
contribute to associations between PM2.5 and PTB. Associations varied
according to the timing of exposure and the timing of PTB.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1408953 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1408953/)
- o -
8) Residential Proximity to Heavy-Traffic Roads, Benzene Exposure, and
Childhood Leukemia—The GEOCAP Study, 2002–2007
Jennifer Houot, Fabienne Marquant, Stéphanie Goujon, Laure Faure,
Cécile Honoré, Marie-Hélène Roth, Denis Hémon, Jacqueline Clavel
These results, which were free from any participation bias and based
on objectively determined indices of exposure, showed an increased
incidence of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) associated with
heavy-traffic road density near a child's home. The results support a
role for traffic-related benzene exposure in the etiology of childhood
AML.
Am. J. Epidemiol (2015) 182 (8): 685-693 - read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/182/8/685.abstract?etoc)
- o -
9) Estimating Causal Associations of Fine Particles With Daily Deaths
in Boston
Joel Schwartz, Elena Austin, Marie-Abele Bind, Antonella Zanobetti,
Petros Koutrakis
We found a causal association of PM2.5 with mortality, with a 0.53% to
0.50% increase in daily deaths using the instrumental variable and the
propensity score, respectively. We failed to reject the null
association with exposure after the deaths (P =0.93). Given these
results, prior studies, and extensive toxicological support, the
association between PM2.5 and deaths is almost certainly causal.
Am. J. Epidemiol. (2015) 182 (7): 644-650 - read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/182/7/644.abstract?etoc)
- o -
10) Environmental pollution, health, and development: a Lancet–Global
Alliance on Health and Pollution–Icahn School of Medicine at Mount
Sinai Commission
Philip J Landriganemail, Richard Fuller, Richard Horton
WHO estimates that, in 2012, household air pollution caused 4·3
million deaths, ambient air pollution caused 3·7 million deaths, and
unsafe water, poor sanitation, and inadequate hygiene caused 842 000
deaths. Contaminated soil at active and abandoned mines, smelters,
industrial facilities, and hazardous waste sites has killed tens of
thousands of people and injured hundreds of thousands more. By
contrast, HIV/AIDS causes 1·5 million deaths per year, tuberculosis
1·2 million deaths per year, and malaria fewer than 1 million deaths
per year.
The Lancet DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00426-2 - read
article
(http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(15)00426-2/fulltext)
- o -
11) Developing communication methods for localised air quality and
health impact information - AQ1010
Links from this page
(http://randd.defra.gov.uk/Default.aspx?Menu=Menu&Module=More&Location=None&Completed=0&ProjectID=18580) to various reports; several community groups took part in this research (but we weren't informed that the report had come
out!)
- o -
----------------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
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