[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2015
contact at cleanairuk.org
contact at cleanairuk.org
Wed Sep 2 17:57:14 BST 2015
* Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2015 *
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
(Previous edition - July 2015:
http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2015-July/000088.html)
(Index for previous issues:
http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html)
*CONTENTS*
1) Short-term exposure to noise, fine particulate matter and nitrogen
oxides on ambulatory blood pressure: A repeated-measure study
2) Short-term associations between traffic-related noise, particle
number and traffic flow in three European cities
3) Understanding Health Impacts of Air Pollution in London
4) Pollution and skin: From epidemiological and mechanistic studies to
clinical implications
5) Environmental influences on skin aging and ethnic-specific manifestations
6) Airborne Particle Exposure and Extrinsic Skin Aging
7) Overweight and urban pollution: Preliminary results
8) Association of weather and air pollution interactions on daily
mortality in 12 Canadian cities
9) Inflammatory markers in relation to long-term air pollution
10) Fetal growth and maternal exposure to particulate air pollution --
More marked effects at lower exposure and modification by gestational
duration
11) Effects of particulate air pollution on nasal and lung function
development among Greek children: a 19-year cohort study
12) Long-term residential exposure to urban air pollution, and
repeated measures of systemic blood markers of inflammation and
coagulation
13) Integrating smart-phone based momentary location tracking with
fixed site air quality monitoring for personal exposure assessment
14) Modelling street level PM10 concentrations across Europe: source
apportionment and possible futures
15) City grime 'breathes back out' polluting nitrogen gases
- o -
1) Short-term exposure to noise, fine particulate matter and nitrogen
oxides on ambulatory blood pressure: A repeated-measure study
Li-Te Chang, Kai-Jen Chuang, Wei-Ting Yang, Ven-Shing Wang, Hsiao-Chi
Chuang, Bo-Ying Bao, Chiu-Shong Liu, Ta-Yuan Chang
Exposure to noise, PM2.5 or NOx may be independently associated with
elevated blood pressure. Noise exposure has transient effects of
increased SBP and DBP over 24 h. Exposure to PM2.5 has elevated
effects on 24-h ambulatory SBP and DBP. NOx exposure only relates to
elevated ambulatory DBP over 24 h.
Environmental Research 140, July 2015, 634–640 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935115001796)
- o -
2) Short-term associations between traffic-related noise, particle
number and traffic flow in three European cities
X. Morelli, M. Foraster, I. Aguilera, X. Basagana, E. Corradi, A.
Deltell, R. Ducret-Stich, H. Phuleria, M.S. Ragettli, M. Rivera, A.
Thomasson, N. Künzli, R. Slama
20-min measurements of air pollution, noise and road traffic were
taken at 141 sites. Traffic noise levels and traffic counts were far
more constant over time than ultrafine particles number
concentrations. Simultaneous measurements of traffic count and noise
were moderately to well correlated. Simultaneous measurements of
ultrafine particles and noise were poorly correlated. This should
allow future studies to disentangle the short-term effects of
ultrafine particles and noise.
Atmospheric Environment 103, February 2015, 25–33 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231014009601)
- o -
3) Understanding Health Impacts of Air Pollution in London
In a world first, King’s College London, commissioned by the Greater
London Authority and Transport for London, have calculated the health
impacts associated with the air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in
London.
This new study shows that in 2010 there was the equivalent of up to
5,900 deaths across London associated with NO2 long term exposure.
(Please note: these figures are also broken down on a
borough-by-borough basis in the report.) At the same time the deaths
associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 were recalculated. The
equivalent number of PM2.5 deaths has decreased from 4,300 (in 2008
based on 2006 concentrations) to 3,500 (in 2010).
The PM2.5 and NO2 figures can be combined to create a total figure of
up to 9,400 equivalent deaths in 2010. In using the 9,400 figure it is
important to note that the numbers of equivalent deaths have not
increased; we have just never calculated NO2 health impacts before. In
fact, PM2.5 figures have decreased compared with the previous report
published in 2010. The NO2 health effects have also been calculated
using new methods which mean they are subject to greater uncertainty
than the PM2.5 health effects.
Greater London Authority, July 2015, - read abstract
(https://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/environment/clearing-londons-air/understanding-the-health-impacts-of-air-pollution-in-london) , with links to
reports
- o -
4) Pollution and skin: From epidemiological and mechanistic studies to
clinical implications
Jean Krutmann, Wei Liu, Li Lid, Xiaochuan Pan, Martha Crawford,
Gabrielle Sore, Sophie Seite
Pollution-induced skin damage is a global problem with particular
relevance in China and India. Ambient particulate matter exposure
contributes to premature skin aging. Ozone depletes antioxidants from
skin. Air pollution exerts detrimental effects on healthy and diseased
skin. The arylhydrocarbon receptor is key in mediating air
pollution-induced skin damage. Individuals with sensitive skin may
represent a susceptible subgroup. Specific cosmetic products are
required to protect skin from air pollution-induced damage.
Journal of Dermatological Science 76:3, December 2014, 163–168 - read
abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923181114001935)
- o -
5) Environmental influences on skin aging and ethnic-specific manifestations
Andrea Vierkötter, Jean Krutmann
In this review we summarize the influence of the different
environmental factors: sun exposure, smoking and air pollution on skin
aging and further present ethnic-specific manifestations of extrinsic
skin aging.
Dermato-Endocrinology 4:3, 2012, 227-231 - read abstract
(http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.4161/derm.19858#.VdG7uaRVhHw)
with link to article
- o -
6) Airborne Particle Exposure and Extrinsic Skin Aging
Andrea Vierkötter, Tamara Schikowski, Ulrich Ranft, Dorothea Sugiri,
Mary Matsui, Ursula Krämer, Jean Krutmann
The impact of air pollution on skin aging was analyzed by linear and
logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounding variables.
Air pollution exposure was significantly correlated to extrinsic skin
aging signs, in particular to pigment spots and less pronounced to
wrinkles.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2010) 130, 2719–2726 - read
article
(http://www.nature.com/jid/journal/v130/n12/full/jid2010204a.html)
- o -
7) Overweight and urban pollution: Preliminary results
Barnaba Giuseppina Ponticiello, Assunta Capozzella, Valeria Di
Giorgio, Teodorico Casale, Roberto Giubilati, Gianfranco Tomei,
Francesco Tomei, Maria Valeria Rosati, Angela Sancini
Workers exposed to urban pollution have an additional risk for BMI
increasing. Female exposed workers have a significant higher mean
weight compared with controls. Gender differences in health
surveillance of exposed workers have to be considered. Our preliminary
study encourages to continue this line of research.
Science of The Total Environment 518–519, 15 June 2015, 61–64 - read
abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715002363?np=y)
- o -
8) Association of weather and air pollution interactions on daily
mortality in 12 Canadian cities
J. K. Vanos, S. Cakmak, L. S. Kalkstein, Abderrahmane Yagouti
Our findings demonstrate the mortality risks of air pollution exposure
to differ by weather type, with increased accuracy obtained when
accounting for interactive effects through adjustment for dependent
pollutants using a distributed lag nonlinear modeling.
Air Qual Atmos Health (2015) 8:307–320 - read article
(http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/823/art%253A10.1007%252Fs11869-014-0266-7.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs11869-014-0266-7&token2=exp=1439807280~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F823%2Fart%25253A10.1007%25252Fs11869-014-0266-7.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Farticle%252F10.1007%252Fs11869-014-0266-7*~hmac=02d3df608fd0ddf7420b70972d5343947d0dc2a60ab6bbacf5dc2e269de8b26e)
- o -
9) Inflammatory markers in relation to long-term air pollution
Nahid Mostafavi, Jelle Vlaanderen, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Rob Beelen, Lars
Modig, Domenico Palli, Ingvar A. Bergdahl, Paolo Vineis, Gerard Hoek,
Soterios Α. Kyrtopoulos, Roel Vermeulen
We assessed the association between long-term exposure to NOx and
plasma concentration of a panel of inflammatory markers. We included
data from two prospective cohorts from Italy and Sweden (n=587
individuals). Our panel of inflammatory markers includes 28 cytokines,
chemokines, and growth factors. We used a state of the art long-term
air pollution exposure assessment developed within the ESCAPE project.
We observed indications for an association between NOx and interleukin
2, 8, 10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Environment International 81, August 2015, 1–7 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412015000872)
- o -
10) Fetal growth and maternal exposure to particulate air pollution --
More marked effects at lower exposure and modification by gestational
duration
Ellen Winckelmans, Bianca Cox, Evelyne Martens, Frans Fierens, Benoit
Nemery, Tim S. Nawrot
We examine the association between maternal PM10 exposure and fetal
growth. The study population consists of 525,635 newborns born between
1999 and 2009. We stratify for gestational age (extreme, moderate
preterm and full term). We observe a (non-linear) association for
moderate preterm and full term births. Increasing maternal exposure
has a higher impact at lower PM10 concentration.
Environmental Research 140, July 2015, 611–618 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935115001619)
- o -
11) Effects of particulate air pollution on nasal and lung function
development among Greek children: a 19-year cohort study
Dionisios Spyratos, Constantinos Sioutas, Anastasios Tsiotsios,
Anna-Bettina Haidich, Diamantis Chloros, Georgios Triantafyllou,
Lazaros Sichletidis
Particulate air pollution had significant and negative effects on
nasal but not on lung function development.
International Journal of Environmental Health Research 25:5 2015
480-489 - read abstract
(http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09603123.2014.979775#.VdGX2aRVhHw)
- o -
12) Long-term residential exposure to urban air pollution, and
repeated measures of systemic blood markers of inflammation and
coagulation
Anja Viehmann, Sabine Hertel, Kateryna Fuks, Lewin Eisele, Susanne
Moebus, Stefan Möhlenkamp, Michael Nonnemacher, Hermann Jakobs,
Raimund Erbel, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Barbara Hoffmann, on behalf of the
Heinz Nixdorf Recall Investigator Group
In this population-based cohort, we found associations of long-term
exposure to PM with markers of inflammation (hs-CRP) and coagulation
(platelets). This finding supports the hypothesis that inflammatory
processes might contribute to chronic effects of air pollution on
cardiovascular disease.
Occup Environ Med 2015;72:656-663 - read abstract
(http://oem.bmj.com/content/72/9/656.abstract?etoc)
- o -
13) Integrating smart-phone based momentary location tracking with
fixed site air quality monitoring for personal exposure assessment
Jason G. Su, Michael Jerrett, Ying-Ying Meng, Melissa Pickett, Beate Ritz
Integrating location tracking and air quality monitoring to estimate
personal exposure. Application of "topics models" to aggregate data in
space-time and reduce data noise. Application of
Deletion/Substitution/Addition modeling technique to avoid
over-fitting. Identified the usefulness of using WiFi network only for
personal location tracking. Identified typical issues associated with
location tracking through smart phones. Personal exposure could be
substantially different from home addressed based exposure.
Science of The Total Environment 506–507, 15 February 2015, 518–526 -
read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969714016040)
- o -
14) Modelling street level PM10 concentrations across Europe: source
apportionment and possible futures
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B.
Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, H. Fagerli, A. Nyiri, M. Amann
The modelling scheme is applied here to quantify explicitly source
contributions to ambient concentrations at several critical monitoring
stations, displaying the differences in spatial origin and chemical
composition of urban roadside PM10 across Europe. Furthermore, we
analyse the predicted evolution of PM10 concentrations in the European
Union until 2030 under different policy scenarios. Significant
improvements in ambient PM10 concentrations are expected assuming
successful implementation of already agreed legislation; however,
these will not be large enough to ensure attainment of PM10 limit
values in hot spot locations such as Southern Poland and major
European cities. Remaining issues are largely eliminated in a scenario
applying the best available emission control technologies to the
maximal technically feasible extent.
Atmos. Chem. Phys 15, 1539–1553, 2015 - read article
(http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/1539/2015/acp-15-1539-2015.pdf)
- o -
15) City grime 'breathes back out' polluting nitrogen gases
Jonathan Webb
Scientists say the grime which clings to urban surfaces "breathes out"
nitrogen gases when hit by sunlight. The dark muck was known to absorb
such gases from the air, but it appears the nitrogen does not stay
locked away. In rooftop experiments in Germany, the researchers
tracked the content of grime in both sunshine and shade. They say
sunlit grime releases nitrogen in two forms: the toxic pollutant
nitrogen dioxide (NO2), plus nitrous acid - a key driver of smog
formation. The findings, presented at a conference of the American
Chemical Society in Boston, were welcomed by pollution experts - and
may explain a "missing" source of smog-producing gas in the skies of
London.
BBC News 18 August 2015 - read article
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-33970233)
- o -
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
Email: barbara at sheffieldct.co.uk
Web: www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk
Follow us/like us on facebook
http://www.facebook.com/#!/pages/East-End-Quality-of-Life-Initiative/267727273318601
Join our Yahoo Group http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/eeqol/?yguid=292875649
LGC & HSJ Sustainable Communities -
Winner of Community Project Award 2007
Beacon Partner 2007-2008 Delivering Cleaner Air
More information about the news
mailing list