[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2014
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Mon Sep 29 17:27:08 BST 2014
* Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2014 *
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
(Previous edition - July 2014:
http://cleanairuk.org/pipermail/news_cleanairuk.org/2014-August/000073.html
Index page for Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise:
http://www.cleanairuk.org/health-air-pollution.html)
*Notice*
Conference: Air Quality and Health in Sheffield Conference, Friday
17th October 2014. Speakers include Dr Ian Mudway from Kings College
London, Alan Andrews from Client Earth, and Councillor Jack Scott from
Sheffield City Council. The conference will be chaired by Jack Peace,
editor of the Air Quality Bulletin. Book online
(https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/air-quality-and-health-in-sheffield-tickets-12134934917?gws_rd=ssl).
*CONTENTS*
1) Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Digital Vascular Function
2) New directions : cleaning the air : will the European Commission's
clean air policy package of December 2013 deliver?
3) Prenatal air pollution exposure and ultrasound measures of fetal
growth in Los Angeles, California
4) Outdoor Air Pollution, Preterm Birth, and Low Birth Weight:
Analysis of the World Health Organization Global Survey on Maternal
and Perinatal Health
5) GSTP1 and TNF Gene Variants and Associations between Air Pollution
and Incident Childhood Asthma: The Traffic, Asthma and Genetics (TAG)
Study
6) Association of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution
with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in an Adult Population–Based
Cohort in Spain (the REGICOR Study)
7) Multi-country willingness to pay study on road-traffic
environmental health effects: are people willing and able to provide a
number?
8) Maternal Exposure to Criteria Air Pollutants and Congenital Heart
Defects in Offspring: Results from the National Birth Defects
Prevention Study
9) Repeated Nitrogen Dioxide Exposures and Eosinophilic Airway
Inflammation in Asthmatics: A Randomized Crossover Study
10) Performance of Multi-City Land Use Regression Models for Nitrogen
Dioxide and Fine Particles
11) Associations of Fine Particulate Matter Species with Mortality in
the United States: A Multicity Time-Series Analysis
12) Characterizing Spatial Patterns of Airborne Coarse Particulate
(PM10–2.5) Mass and Chemical Components in Three Cities: The
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
13) Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cognitive Function Among
Older US Adults
14) Association of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution
with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in an Adult Population–Based
Cohort in Spain (the REGICOR Study)
15) Air pollution: which transport option is the healthiest?
- o -
1) Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Digital Vascular Function
Petter L. Ljungman, Elissa H. Wilker, Mary B. Rice, Joel Schwartz,
Diane R. Gold, Petros Koutrakis, Joseph A. Vita, Gary F. Mitchell,
Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emelia J. Benjamin, Murray A. Mittleman, Naomi
M. Hamburg
Our findings in a community-based sample exposed to relatively low
pollution levels suggest that short-term exposure to ambient
particulate pollution is not associated with vasodilator response, but
that particulate air pollution is associated with baseline pulse
amplitude, suggesting potentially adverse alterations in baseline
vascular tone or compliance.
Am. J. Epidemiol. (2014) 180 (5): 482-489 - read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/180/5/482.abstract?etoc)
- o -
2) New directions : cleaning the air : will the European Commission's
clean air policy package of December 2013 deliver?
Harrison, Roy; Brunekreef, Bert; Keuken, Menno; Denier Van Der Gon,
Hugo; Querol, Xavier
The proposals from the Commission have been underpinned by numerical
modelling of both air quality and health impacts, as well as
cost-benefit analysis. However, the voluminous documentation produced
by the Commission does not provide sufficient detail for independent
assessment of the air quality modelling and there must be a strong
suspicion that the conclusions drawn by the Commission on the basis of
models are grossly over-optimistic. We suggest that downward revisions
of some of the Limit Values, as implied by the advice of REVIHAAP
(WHO, 2013) specifically in relation to PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and long-term
exposure to O3, might provide a valuable complementary driver towards
air quality improvement alongside more ambitious emissions limits,
especially in the medium term to 2020.
Atmospheric Environment, vol 91, pp. 172-174 - read article
(http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/16250299/Cleaning_the_Air_New_Direction_PostPrint.pdf)
- o -
3) Prenatal air pollution exposure and ultrasound measures of fetal
growth in Los Angeles, California
Beate Ritz, Jiaheng Qiu, Pei-Chen Lee, Fred Lurmann, Bryan Penfold,
Robert Erin Weiss, Rob McConnell, Chander Arora, Calvin Hobel,
Michelle Wilhelm
We collected multiple ultrasound measures in a prospective pregnancy
cohort. We modeled traffic-related air pollution with
dispersion/land-use regression models. Ambient government air monitors
provided us with measures for CO and NO2. Fetal biparietal diameter
decreased with different traffic pollution measures. Head size but no
other fetal growth measures were affected by air pollution.
Environmental Research 130, April 2014, 7–13 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935114000103)
- o -
4) Outdoor Air Pollution, Preterm Birth, and Low Birth Weight:
Analysis of the World Health Organization Global Survey on Maternal
and Perinatal Health
Nancy L. Fleischer, Mario Merialdi, Aaron van Donkelaar, Felipe
Vadillo-Ortega, Randall V. Martin, Ana Pilar Betran, João Paulo Souza,
Marie S. O´Neill
Outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were associated with low birth weight but
not preterm birth. In rapidly developing countries, such as China, the
highest levels of air pollution may be of concern for both outcomes.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1306837 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1306837/)
- o -
5) GSTP1 and TNF Gene Variants and Associations between Air Pollution
and Incident Childhood Asthma: The Traffic, Asthma and Genetics (TAG)
Study
Elaina A. MacIntyre, Michael Brauer, Erik Melén, Carl Peter Bauer,
Mario Bauer, Dietrich Berdel, Anna Bergström, Bert Brunekreef, Moira
Chan-Yeung, Claudia Klümper, Elaine Fuertes, Ulrike Gehring, Anna
Gref, Joachim Heinrich, Olf Herbarth, Marjan Kerkhof, Gerard H.
Koppelman, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, Göran Pershagen, Dirkje S. Postma,
Elisabeth Thiering, Carla M.T. Tiesler, Christopher Carlsten, for the
TAG Study Group
Our aim was to investigate the impact of gene variants associated with
oxidative stress and inflammation on associations between air
pollution and incident childhood asthma. Children carrying GSTP1
rs1138272 or rs1695 minor alleles may constitute a susceptible
population at increased risk of asthma associated with air pollution.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307459 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307459/)
- o -
6) Association of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution
with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in an Adult Population–Based
Cohort in Spain (the REGICOR Study)
Maria Foraster, Xavier Basagaña, Inmaculada Aguilera, Marcela Rivera,
David Agis, Laura Bouso, Alexandre Deltell, Jaume Marrugat, Rafel
Ramos, Jordi Sunyer, Joan Vila, Roberto Elosua, Nino Künzli
We observed a positive association between long-term exposure to NO2
and SBP (systolic blood pressure) , after adjustment for
transportation noise, which was sensitive to the methodology used to
account for medication.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1306497 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1306497/)
- o -
7) Multi-country willingness to pay study on road-traffic
environmental health effects: are people willing and able to provide a
number?
Tifanny Istamto, Danny Houthuijs, Erik Lebret
With a proportion of about 50%, DK (don’t know) answers may be a more
relevant issue affecting WTP (willingness-to-pay) than PV’s (protest
vote). The likelihood to give PV and DK response were influenced by
socio-demographic, economic and health factors, as well as
environmental concerns and appreciation of environmental conditions
and policies. In contested policy issues where actual policy may be
based on WTP studies, PV and DK answers may indeed affect the outcome
of the WTP study. PV and DK answers and their determinants therefore
deserve further study in CV (contingent valuation) studies on
environmental health effects.
Environmental Health 2014, 13:35 - read article
(http://www.ehjournal.net/content/13/1/35)
- o -
8) Maternal Exposure to Criteria Air Pollutants and Congenital Heart
Defects in Offspring: Results from the National Birth Defects
Prevention Study
Jeanette A. Stingone, Thomas J. Luben, Julie L. Daniels, Montserrat
Fuentes, David B. Richardson, Arthur S. Aylsworth, Amy H. Herring,
Marlene Anderka, Lorenzo Botto, Adolfo Correa, Suzanne M. Gilboa,
Peter H. Langlois, Bridget Mosley, Gary M. Shaw, Csaba Siffel, Andrew
F. Olshan, and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Using daily maximum pollutant levels and exploring individual
exposure-weeks revealed some positive associations between certain
pollutants and defects and suggested potential windows of
susceptibility during pregnancy.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307289 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307289/)
- o -
9) Repeated Nitrogen Dioxide Exposures and Eosinophilic Airway
Inflammation in Asthmatics: A Randomized Crossover Study
Véronique Ezratty, Gaëlle Guillossou, Catherine Neukirch, Monique
Dehoux, Serge Koscielny, Marcel Bonay, Pierre-André Cabanes, Jonathan
M. Samet, Patrick Mure, Luc Ropert, Sandra Tokarek, Jacques Lambrozo,
Michel Aubier
We observed that repeated peak exposures of NO2 performed without
allergen exposure were associated with airway eosinophilic
inflammation in asthmatics in a dose-related manner.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307240 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307240/)
- o -
10) Performance of Multi-City Land Use Regression Models for Nitrogen
Dioxide and Fine Particles
Meng Wang, Rob Beelen, Tom Bellander, Matthias Birk, Giulia Cesaroni,
Marta Cirach, Josef Cyrys, Kees de Hoogh, Christophe Declercq,
Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Marloes Eeftens, Kirsten T. Eriksen,
Francesco Forastiere, Claudia Galassi, Georgios Grivas, Joachim
Heinrich, Barbara Hoffmann, Alex Ineichen, Michal Korek, Timo Lanki,
Sarah Lindley, Lars Modig, Anna Mölter, Per Nafstad, Mark J.
Nieuwenhuijsen, Wenche Nystad, David Olsson, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen,
Martina Ragettli, Andrea Ranzi, Morgane Stempfelet, Dorothea Sugiri,
Ming-Yi Tsai, Orsolya Udvardy, Mihaly J. Varró, Danielle Vienneau,
Gudrun Weinmayr, Kathrin Wolf, Tarja Yli-Tuomi, Gerard Hoek, Bert
Brunekreef
Using a large data set from 23 European study areas, we were able to
develop LUR models for NO2 and PM metrics that predicted measurements
made at independent sites and areas reasonably well. This finding is
useful for assessing exposure in health studies conducted in areas
where no measurements were conducted.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307271 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307271/)
- o -
11) Associations of Fine Particulate Matter Species with Mortality in
the United States: A Multicity Time-Series Analysis
Lingzhen Dai, Antonella Zanobetti, Petros Koutrakis, Joel D. Schwartz
Our study showed an increased risk of mortality associated with PM2.5,
which varied with seasons and species. The results suggest that mass
alone might not be sufficient to evaluate the health effects of
particles.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307568 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307568/)
- o -
12) Characterizing Spatial Patterns of Airborne Coarse Particulate
(PM10–2.5) Mass and Chemical Components in Three Cities: The
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Kai Zhang, Timothy V. Larson, Amanda Gassett, Adam A. Szpiro, Martha
Daviglus, Gregory L. Burke, Joel D. Kaufman, Sara D. Ada
Characterization of fine-scale spatial variability of these often
heterogeneous pollutants using geographic covariates should reduce
exposure misclassification and increase the power of epidemiological
studies investigating the long-term health impacts of PM10–2.5.
Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/ehp.1307287 - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307287/)
- o -
13) Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cognitive Function Among
Older US Adults
Jennifer A. Ailshire, Eileen M. Crimmins
This study adds to a growing body of research highlighting the
importance of air pollution to cognitive function in older adults.
Improving air quality in large metropolitan areas, where much of the
aging US population resides, may be an important mechanism for
reducing age-related cognitive decline.
Am. J. Epidemiol. (2014) 180 (4): 359-366- read abstract
(http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/180/4/359.abstract?etoc) and
comment (http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/180/4/367.short)
- o -
14) Association of Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution
with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in an Adult Population–Based
Cohort in Spain (the REGICOR Study)
Maria Foraster, Xavier Basagaña, Inmaculada Aguilera, Marcela Rivera,
David Agis, Laura Bouso, Alexandre Deltell, Jaume Marrugat, Rafel
Ramos, Jordi Sunyer, Joan Vila, Roberto Elosua, Nino Künzli
We observed a positive association between long-term exposure to NO2
and SBP, after adjustment for transportation noise, which was
sensitive to the methodology used to account for medication.
Environ Health Perspect; 122;4 April 2014, DOI:10.1289/ehp.1306497 -
read article (http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1306497/)
- o -
15) Air pollution: which transport option is the healthiest?
Transport is the main contributor to air pollution in our cities, and
how we move around in them can have huge consequences for how much air
pollution we are exposed to. The Healthy Air Campaign teamed up with
King’s College London, Camden Council and London cyclist, Vivienne
Westwood, to see which travel options are the healthiest. - watch the
video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERqYpsKv4V0&feature=youtu.be)
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
Email: barbara at sheffieldct.co.uk
Web: www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk
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