[cleanairuk_news] Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2013
Network for Clean Air
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Fri Aug 30 12:09:56 BST 2013
*Health Effects of Air Quality and Noise - update August 2013*
By Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality of Life Initiative
*CONTENTS*
1) Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter induces macrophage
infiltration, unfolded protein response, and lipid deposition in white
adipose tissue
2) Is urban particulate air pollution or road traffic noise
responsible for the association of traffic proximity with subclinical
atherosclerosis? Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study
3) Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Progression of Carotid
Intima-Medial Thickness: A Prospective Cohort Study from the
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution
4) Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and insulin
resistance in children: results from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth
cohorts
5) Air pollution: another cause of lung cancer
6) Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts:
prospective analyses from the European Study of Cohorts for Air
Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
7) Effects of the 80 km/h and variable speed limits on air pollution
in the metropolitan area of Barcelona
8) Five years of London’s low emission zone: Effects on vehicle fleet
composition and air quality
9) Perinatal Air Pollutant Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorder in
the Children of Nurses’ Health Study II Participants
10) Associations between Fine and Coarse Particles and Mortality in
Mediterranean Cities: Results from the MED-PARTICLES Project
11) Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air
pollution and the contribution of past climate change
12) Evidence on the impact of sustained exposure to air pollution on
life expectancy from China’s Huai River policy
13) Final Report ENNAH – European Network on Noise and Health (EU
Project no. 226442 FP-7-ENV-2008-1)
-o-
1) Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter induces macrophage
infiltration, unfolded protein response, and lipid deposition in white
adipose tissue
Roberto Mendez, Ze Zheng, Zhongjie Fan, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Qinghua
Sun, Kezhong Zhang
These results provide novel insights into PM2.5-triggered cell stress
response in adipose tissue and increase our understanding of
pathophysiological effects of particulate air pollution on the
development of metabolic disorders.
Am J Transl Res 2013;5(2):224-234 - read article
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612517/pdf/ajtr0005-0224.pdf)
-o-
2) Is urban particulate air pollution or road traffic noise
responsible for the association of traffic proximity with subclinical
atherosclerosis? Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study
H Kaelsch, F Hennig, S Moebus, S Moehlenkamp, N Dragano, H Jakobs, M
Memmesheimer, R Erbel, K-H Joeckel, B Hoffmann
EuroPrevent 2013 poster presentation - read abstract
(http://spo.escardio.org/SessionDetails.aspx?eevtid=58&sessId=10988&subSessId=2496&searchQuery=%2fdefault.aspx%3feevtid%3d58%26days%3d%26topics%3d%26types%3d8080%26rooms%3d%26freetext%3d%26sort%3d1%26page%3d1%26showResults%3dTrue%26nbPerPage%3d20%26scroll%3D0#.Ug4gUdJJFAI)
-o-
3) Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Progression of Carotid
Intima-Medial Thickness: A Prospective Cohort Study from the
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution
Sara D. Adar, Lianne Sheppard, Sverre Vedal, Joseph F. Polak, Paul D.
Sampson, Ana V. Diez Roux, Matthew Budoff, David R. Jacobs, Jr., R.
Graham Barr, Karol Watson, Joel D. Kaufman
This early analysis from MESA suggests that higher long-term PM2.5
concentrations are associated with increased IMT progression and that
greater reductions in PM2.5 are related to slower IMT progression.
These findings, even over a relatively short follow-up period, add to
the limited literature on air pollution and the progression of
atherosclerotic processes in humans. If confirmed by future analyses
of the full 10 years of follow-up in this cohort, these findings will
help to explain associations between long-term PM2.5 concentrations
and clinical cardiovascular events.
PLOS Medicine April 2013, 10:4 e1001430 9pp - read article
(http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001430&representation=PDF)
-o-
4) Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and insulin
resistance in children: results from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth
cohorts
E. Thiering, J. Cyrys, J. Kratzsch, C. Meisinger, B. Hoffmann, D.
Berdel, A. von Berg, S. Koletzko, C.-P. Bauer, J. Heinrich
Traffic-related air pollution may increase the risk of insulin
resistance. Given the ubiquitous nature of air pollution and the high
incidence of insulin resistance in the general population, the
associations examined here may have potentially important public
health effects despite the small/moderate effect sizes observed.
Diabetologia (2013) 56:1696–1704 - read article
(http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00125-013-2925-x.pdf)
-o-
5) Air pollution: another cause of lung cancer
Takashi Yorifuji, Saori Kashima
In The Lancet Oncology, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen and colleagues present
the findings from individual data from 17 European cohorts and show
that exposure to particulate matter air pollution increased the risk
of lung cancer—particularly adenocarcinoma—with a suggestion of an
effect even below the current European Union air pollution limit values
(40 μg/m³ for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm
[PM10] and 25 μg/m³ for particulate matter with a diameter <2·5 μm
[PM2·5]).
The Lancet Oncology 14:9 August 2013, 788-789 - read article
(http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanonc/PIIS1470204513703024.pdf?id=f1b40765af4fa604:-5b5f10d9:1403e2e6ca6:8e21375435333915)
-o-
6) Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts:
prospective analyses from the European Study of Cohorts for Air
Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Zorana J Andersen, Rob Beelen, Evangelia Samoli,
Massimo Stafoggia, Gudrun Weinmayr, Barbara Hoffmann, Paul Fischer,
Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen, Bert Brunekreef, Wei W Xun, Klea Katsouyanni,
Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Johan Sommar, Bertil Forsberg, Lars Modig,
Anna Oudin, Bente Oftedal, Per E Schwarze, Per Nafstad, Ulf De Faire,
Nancy L Pedersen, Claes-Göran Östenson, Laura Fratiglioni, Johanna
Penell, Michal Korek, Göran Pershagen, Kirsten T Eriksen, Mette
Sørensen, Anne Tjønneland, Thomas Ellermann, Marloes Eeftens, Petra H
Peeters, Kees Meliefste, Meng Wang, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Timothy J
Key, Kees de Hoogh, Hans Concin, Gabriele Nagel, Alice Vilier, Sara
Grioni, Vittorio Krogh, Ming-Yi Tsai, Fulvio Ricceri, Carlotta
Sacerdote, Claudia Galassi, Enrica Migliore, Andrea Ranzi, Giulia
Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Francesco Forastiere, Ibon Tamayo, Pilar
Amiano, Miren Dorronsoro, Antonia Trichopoulou, Christina Bamia, Paolo
Vineis, Gerard Hoek
The results showed no association between lung cancer and nitrogen
oxides concentration (HR 1·01 [0·95—1·07] per 20 μg/m3) or traffic
intensity on the nearest street (HR 1·00 [0·97—1·04] per 5000 vehicles
per day). Particulate matter air pollution contributes to lung cancer
incidence in Europe.
The Lancet Oncology, August 2013 14:9 813-822 - read abstract
(http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(13)70279-1/abstract)
-o-
7) Effects of the 80 km/h and variable speed limits on air pollution
in the metropolitan area of Barcelona
Germà Bel, Jordi Rosell
Empirical estimation indicate that reducing the speed limit to 80 km/h
causes a 1.7–3.2% increase in NOx and 5.3–5.9% in PM10. By contrast,
the variable speed policy reduced NOx and PM10 pollution by 7.7–17.1%
and 14.5–17.3%. As such, a variable speed policy appears to be a more
effective environmental policy than reducing the speed limit to a
maximum of 80 km/h.
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
23, August 2013, 90–97 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920913000680)
-o-
8) Five years of London’s low emission zone: Effects on vehicle fleet
composition and air quality
Richard B. Ellison, Stephen P. Greaves, David A. Hensher
Results presented in this paper suggest the rate of fleet turnover for
affected vehicle classes in London increased substantially when the
zone was first introduced before returning to the national average in
subsequent years. Early evidence for light commercial vehicles, which
became subject to the scheme in early 2012, shows a similar effect is
likely. Despite an overall growth in freight vehicles operating in
London, the number of pre-Euro III vehicles has dropped and this has
been coupled with a switch from rigid vehicles to light commercial
vehicles and articulated vehicles. Ambient air quality measurements
show concentrations of particulate matter within the low emission zone
have dropped by 2.46–3.07% compared to just over 1% for areas just
outside the zone. However, no discernible differences are found for
NOX concentrations.
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
23, August 2013, 25–33 - read abstract
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136192091300059X)
-o-
9) Perinatal Air Pollutant Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorder in
the Children of Nurses’ Health Study II Participants
Andrea L. Roberts, Kristen Lyall, Jaime E. Hart, Francine Laden, Allan
C. Just, Jennifer F. Bobb, Karestan C. Koenen, Alberto Ascherio, Marc
G. Weisskopf
Perinatal exposure to air pollutants may increase risk for ASD.
Additionally, future studies should consider sex-specific biological
pathways connecting perinatal exposure to pollutants with ASD.
Environ Health Perspect 121:978-984 (2013) - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1206187/)
-o-
10) Associations between Fine and Coarse Particles and Mortality in
Mediterranean Cities: Results from the MED-PARTICLES Project
Evangelia Samoli, Massimo Stafoggia, Sophia Rodopoulou, Bart Ostro,
Christophe Declercq, Ester Alessandrini, Julio Díaz, Angeliki
Karanasiou, Apostolos G. Kelessis, Alain Le Tertre, Paolo Pandolfi,
Giorgia Randi, Cecilia Scarinzi, Stefano Zauli-Sajani, Klea
Katsouyanni, Francesco Forastiere; the MED-PARTICLES Study group
We found evidence of adverse effects of PM2.5 on mortality outcomes in
the European Mediterranean region. Associations with PM2.5–10 were
positive but smaller in magnitude. Associations were stronger for
respiratory mortality when cumulative exposures were lagged over 0–5
days, and were modified by season and age.
Environ Health Perspect 121:932—938 (2013) - read article
(http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1206124/)
-o-
11) Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air
pollution and the contribution of past climate change
Raquel A Silva, J Jason West, Yuqiang Zhang, Susan C Anenberg,
Jean-Franc¸ois Lamarque, Drew T Shindell, William J Collins,
Stig Dalsoren, Greg Faluvegi, Gerd Folberth, Larry W Horowitz,
Tatsuya Nagashima, Vaishali Naik, Steven Rumbold, Ragnhild Skeie,
Kengo Sudo, Toshihiko Takemura, Daniel Bergmann,
Philip Cameron-Smith, Irene Cionni, Ruth M Doherty,
Veronika Eyring, Beatrice Josse, I A MacKenzie, David Plummer,
Mattia Righi, David S Stevenson, Sarah Strode, Sophie Szopa, Guang Zeng
We estimate that, at present, 470 000 (95% confidence interval, 140 000
to 900 000) premature respiratory deaths are associated globally and
annually with anthropogenic ozone, and 2.1 (1.3 to 3.0) million deaths
with anthropogenic PM2:5-related cardiopulmonary diseases (93%) and
lung cancer (7%).
Environmental Research Letters 8 (2013) 034005 (11pp) - read article
(http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/3/034005/pdf/1748-9326_8_3_034005.pdf)
-o-
12) Evidence on the impact of sustained exposure to air pollution on
life expectancy from China’s Huai River policy
Yuyu Chen, Avraham Ebenstein, Michael Greenstone, Hongbin Li
This paper's findings suggest that an arbitrary Chinese policy that
greatly increases total suspended particulates (TSPs) air pollution is
causing the 500 million residents of Northern China to lose more than
2.5 billion life years of life expectancy. The quasi-experimental
empirical approach is based on China’s Huai River policy, which
provided free winter heating via the provision of coal for boilers in
cities north of the Huai River but denied heat to the south. Using a
regression discontinuity design based on distance from the Huai River,
we find that ambient concentrations of TSPs are about 184 μg/m3 [95%
confidence interval (CI): 61, 307] or 55% higher in the north.
Further, the results indicate that life expectancies are about 5.5 y
(95% CI: 0.8, 10.2) lower in the north owing to an increased incidence
of cardiorespiratory mortality.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA Early
Edition May 2013 6pp - read article
(http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/07/03/1300018110.full.pdf+html)
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13) Final Report ENNAH – European Network on Noise and Health
EU Project no. 226442 FP-7-ENV-2008-1
Editors: Jurgita Lekaviciute, Stylianos Kephalopoulos, Stephen
Stansfeld, Charlotte Clark
Extracts from the executive summary:
One important development has been the involvement in ENNAH of
researchers mainly working on air pollution. The aim was to jointly
consider the impact of both transport noise and air pollution on
health. The ENNAH meetings have provided a fruitful exchange of views
on how air pollution and noise can be further studied jointly and the
underlying mechanisms elucidated.
ENNAH focused on outlining new priorities and recommendations for
research on environmental noise and related negative effects on
health, such as: cardiovascular disease, mental health, children’s
cognitive performance, annoyance, sleep and hearing loss, as well as
on some cross‐cutting health related themes.
EuropeanUnion, 2013, 178pp - read full report
(http://www.ennah.eu/assets/files/ENNAH-Final_report_online_19_3_2013.pdf)
(may take some time to download)
-------------------------------------------------
Compiler and Editor: Barbara Rimmington, Researcher, East End Quality
of Life Initiative
10 Montgomery Terrace Road
Sheffield S6 3BU
Tel. 0114 285 9931
Fax 0114 278 7173
Email: barbara at sheffieldct.co.uk
Web: www.sheffieldeastend.org.uk
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